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DronePlanning/PIPELINE_GUIDE.md
2026-02-20 23:04:09 +08:00

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DronePlanning 处理 Pipeline 说明

本文档说明当前后端从自然语言输入到计划 JSON 输出的完整处理流程,以及可自定义修改点。

1. 总体流程

入口为 POST /generate_plan,主链路由 GenerationOrchestrator 编排:

flowchart LR
api[main.py /generate_plan] --> gen[py_tree_generator.generate]
gen --> orch[GenerationOrchestrator]
orch --> s1[Stage1 TaskUnderstanding]
orch --> s2[Stage2 ContextBinding]
orch --> s3[Stage3 BTPlanning]
orch --> s4[Stage4 ValidateAndPostprocess]
s4 --> out[返回 py_tree JSON]

对应代码:

  • backend_service/src/main.py
  • backend_service/src/py_tree_generator.py
  • backend_service/src/pipeline/orchestrator.py
  • backend_service/src/pipeline/stages.py

2. Stage1任务理解TaskUnderstanding

功能:

  • 场景分类:simple / scene1 / scene4
  • 意图推断:intent_type
  • 风险标记:risk_flags(例如是否需要人工确认、是否涉及相对方位)

核心代码:

  • backend_service/src/llm/gateway.py::classify_scene()
  • backend_service/src/pipeline/stages.py::_infer_intent_type()
  • backend_service/src/pipeline/stages.py::_extract_risk_flags()
  • 数据契约:backend_service/src/pipeline/contracts.py::TaskUnderstanding

说明:

  • 分类模型可启用 thinkingSTAGE1_ENABLE_THINKING 控制)。
  • 该阶段不依赖节点字典,避免循环依赖。

2.1 输入格式

stage1_task_understanding(user_prompt: str) 仅接受原始用户指令字符串。

示例输入:

{
  "user_prompt": "无人机当前在地面,到广场查找绿色公交车,找到后拍照。"
}

2.2 输出格式TaskUnderstanding

{
  "scene_mode": "scene4",
  "intent_type": "search_and_photo",
  "requires_relative_target": false,
  "entities": {
    "raw_prompt": "无人机当前在地面,到广场查找绿色公交车,找到后拍照。"
  },
  "risk_flags": [],
  "constraints": {}
}

字段说明:

  • scene_mode: simple | scene1 | scene4
  • intent_type: 当前规则推导出的任务意图标签
  • requires_relative_target: 是否检测到相对方位需求
  • entities: 当前为轻量占位(最小包含 raw_prompt
  • risk_flags: 风险标记列表(如 needs_manual_confirmation
  • constraints: 约束占位(当前为空对象)

3. Stage2上下文绑定ContextBinding

功能:

  • 按场景动态决定检索范围location/pattern/rules
  • 从多知识库并行检索并汇总
  • 相对目标提取(relative_refs
  • 预计算航点(precomputed_waypointsMVP
  • 基于意图与风险推导 required_actions

核心代码:

  • backend_service/src/retrieval/retriever.py::UnifiedRetriever
  • backend_service/src/retrieval/adapters/chroma_adapter.py
  • backend_service/src/llm/tool_runtime.py
  • backend_service/src/pipeline/stages.py::stage2_context_binding()
  • 数据契约:backend_service/src/pipeline/contracts.py::ContextBinding

多知识库策略:

  • 主集合:location_kbpattern_kbrules_kb
  • 兼容集合:drone_docs
  • 若主集合无结果,会尝试从 drone_docs + kb_type 过滤回退查询

3.1 输入格式

该阶段接收:

  • user_prompt: str
  • Stage1 输出 TaskUnderstanding

示例输入:

{
  "user_prompt": "无人机当前在空中去广场南边40米持续监控5分钟发现人就拍照。",
  "understanding": {
    "scene_mode": "scene4",
    "intent_type": "patrol_or_monitor",
    "requires_relative_target": false,
    "risk_flags": [],
    "entities": {"raw_prompt": "无人机当前在空中去广场南边40米持续监控5分钟发现人就拍照。"},
    "constraints": {}
  }
}

3.2 输出格式ContextBinding

{
  "location_context": "地点:广场,坐标(x=120,y=30,z=0)...",
  "pattern_context": "示例:先到达命名地点,再监控,再条件触发拍照...",
  "rules_context": "",
  "citations": {
    "location": ["..."],
    "pattern": ["..."],
    "rules": []
  },
  "resolved_refs": {},
  "precomputed_waypoints": [
    {"x": 160.0, "y": 30.0, "z": 10.0}
  ],
  "relative_refs": [],
  "required_actions": [
    "Sequence",
    "fly_to_waypoint",
    "loiter",
    "object_detect",
    "object_detected",
    "take_photos"
  ]
}

字段说明:

  • *_context: 分知识域拼接后的文本上下文
  • citations: 每个知识域的原始命中文档片段
  • precomputed_waypoints: Stage2 静态可解析时的预计算坐标
  • relative_refs: 相对目标结构化描述
  • required_actions: 后续用于节点裁剪注入的动作白名单

4. Stage3BT 生成BTPlanning

功能:

  • 组装 prompt骨架 + 节点裁剪 + 示例 + 规则 + 检索结果)
  • 调用对应模型生成严格 JSON
  • 解析模型响应(含 reasoning 提取)

核心代码:

  • backend_service/src/prompting/composer.py::PromptComposer
  • backend_service/src/llm/gateway.py::generate_json()
  • backend_service/src/llm/response_parser.py
  • backend_service/src/pipeline/stages.py::stage3_bt_planning()
  • 数据契约:backend_service/src/pipeline/contracts.py::BTDraft

关键行为:

  • simple 模式与复杂模式使用不同客户端/模型配置
  • Stage3 强制关闭 thinking强制 response_format=json_object
  • 节点定义采用裁剪注入(非全量注入)

4.1 输入格式

该阶段接收:

  • user_prompt: str
  • TaskUnderstanding
  • ContextBinding

核心输入(示例):

{
  "scene_mode": "scene4",
  "intent_type": "search_and_photo",
  "required_actions": ["Sequence", "fly_to_waypoint", "rotate_search", "object_detected", "take_photos"],
  "risk_flags": [],
  "context_blocks": {
    "location": "地点:广场...",
    "pattern": "示例:先到达再搜索...",
    "rules": ""
  }
}

4.2 输出格式BTDraft

{
  "system_prompt": "...(裁剪后的系统提示词)...",
  "user_prompt": "原始指令 + 参考知识增强段",
  "allowed_nodes": {
    "actions": ["fly_to_waypoint", "rotate_search", "take_photos"],
    "conditions": ["object_detected"]
  },
  "llm_raw_json": {
    "root": {
      "type": "Sequence",
      "name": "Sequence",
      "children": [
        {"type": "action", "name": "fly_to_waypoint", "params": {"x": 120, "y": 30, "z": 10, "acceptance_radius": 2}},
        {"type": "action", "name": "rotate_search", "params": {"target_class": "bus"}},
        {"type": "condition", "name": "object_detected", "params": {"target_class": "bus"}},
        {"type": "action", "name": "take_photos", "params": {"target_class": "bus", "track_time": 8}}
      ]
    }
  },
  "reasoning_text": null,
  "final_prompt": "=== System Prompt === ... === User Prompt === ..."
}

字段说明:

  • system_prompt/user_prompt: 实际发给模型的提示词
  • allowed_nodes: 节点裁剪结果(用于调试与复盘)
  • llm_raw_json: 模型返回并解析后的原始计划 JSON
  • reasoning_text: 可选推理文本(若模型返回)
  • final_prompt: 完整组合记录(便于离线排查)

5. Stage4校验与后处理ValidateAndPostprocess

功能:

  • JSON Schema 校验simple / complex
  • 注入 plan_idvisualization_urlfinal_prompt
  • 保存推理链与历史记录
  • 在复杂场景下注入 context.relative_refs(及可选 context.resolved_refs

核心代码:

  • backend_service/src/validation/validator.py
  • backend_service/src/validation/schema_provider.py
  • backend_service/src/pipeline/stages.py::stage4_validate_and_postprocess()
  • backend_service/src/py_tree_generator.py::render_visualization()
  • backend_service/src/py_tree_generator.py::_save_history()

5.1 输入格式

该阶段接收:

  • user_prompt: str
  • TaskUnderstanding
  • ContextBinding
  • BTDraft

其中主载荷来自 BTDraft.llm_raw_json

5.2 输出格式(最终 API 返回)

复杂模式示例:

{
  "root": {
    "type": "Sequence",
    "name": "Sequence",
    "children": [
      {"type": "action", "name": "fly_to_waypoint", "params": {"x": 120, "y": 30, "z": 10, "acceptance_radius": 2}},
      {"type": "action", "name": "rotate_search", "params": {"target_class": "bus"}},
      {"type": "condition", "name": "object_detected", "params": {"target_class": "bus"}},
      {"type": "action", "name": "take_photos", "params": {"target_class": "bus", "track_time": 8}}
    ]
  },
  "context": {
    "relative_refs": [
      {"anchor": "front_building", "relation": "left", "distance_m": 20.0}
    ],
    "resolved_refs": {
      "strategy": "backend_static_resolution",
      "waypoints": [{"x": 120.0, "y": 30.0, "z": 10.0}]
    }
  },
  "plan_id": "6a924d0d-f1a7-4ef1-a9fa-31f73f3115ce",
  "visualization_url": "/static/py_tree.png",
  "final_prompt": "=== System Prompt === ... === User Prompt === ..."
}

simple 模式示例:

{
  "root": {
    "type": "action",
    "name": "move_direction",
    "params": {"direction": "north", "distance": 50}
  },
  "plan_id": "0f0e5e5f-b9a2-4e6f-95f5-c95e9e6280a5",
  "visualization_url": "/static/py_tree.png",
  "final_prompt": "=== System Prompt === ... === User Prompt === ..."
}

字段说明:

  • root: 通过 schema 校验后的行为树根节点
  • context: 仅在复杂模式且命中相对目标时追加
  • plan_id: 每次生成唯一 ID
  • visualization_url: 最新可视化图访问路径
  • final_prompt: 生成时使用的完整提示词记录

6. 数据入库RAG Ingestion逻辑

入库脚本:

  • tools/rag/ingest.py

行为:

  • 扫描 tools/rag/knowledge_base/
  • 根据子目录推断 kb_typelocation/pattern/rules
  • 同时写入:
    • drone_docs(兼容)
    • location_kb / pattern_kb / rules_kb(新检索路径)

7. 可自定义修改点(推荐按优先级)

7.1 场景与意图逻辑

可改文件:

  • backend_service/src/pipeline/stages.py

可改内容:

  • _infer_intent_type():扩展意图类别
  • _extract_risk_flags():新增风险规则
  • _derive_required_actions():调整规则推导的动作集合

7.2 Prompt 策略

可改文件:

  • backend_service/src/prompting/composer.py
  • backend_service/src/prompts/prompt_manifest.yaml
  • backend_service/src/prompts/partials/*

可改内容:

  • 骨架片段选择
  • 节点裁剪规则(当前上限 30
  • 示例注入策略(何时注入 extra examples
  • 用户侧检索增强格式

7.3 模型路由与推理参数

可改文件:

  • backend_service/src/llm/gateway.py

可改内容:

  • 分类模型与生成模型分流策略
  • temperaturemax_tokens、重试次数
  • thinking 开关策略Stage1/Stage3

7.4 检索策略

可改文件:

  • backend_service/src/retrieval/retriever.py
  • backend_service/src/retrieval/adapters/chroma_adapter.py
  • tools/rag/ingest.py

可改内容:

  • 检索并发策略与 top_k
  • 回退策略(主集合与兼容集合)
  • kb_type 划分方式
  • 文档切分与 metadata 设计

7.5 相对目标解析

可改文件:

  • backend_service/src/pipeline/stages.py
  • backend_service/src/llm/tool_runtime.py

可改内容:

  • relative_refs 抽取规则
  • 静态解析能力(何时生成 resolved_refs
  • 与 UAV 端协议字段兼容策略

7.6 校验与输出协议

可改文件:

  • backend_service/src/validation/validator.py
  • backend_service/src/validation/schema_provider.py
  • backend_service/src/py_tree_generator.pyschema 来源)

可改内容:

  • simple/complex schema 约束强度
  • 顶层 context 字段的可选校验
  • 失败错误信息与恢复策略

8. 关键环境变量

  • ORIN_IP
  • OPENAI_API_KEY
  • CLASSIFIER_MODEL / SIMPLE_MODEL / COMPLEX_MODEL
  • CLASSIFIER_BASE_URL / SIMPLE_BASE_URL / COMPLEX_BASE_URL
  • STAGE1_ENABLE_THINKING
  • ENABLE_REASONING_CAPTURE
  • REASONING_PREVIEW_LINES

9. 自定义改造建议(实践顺序)

  1. 先改 Stage1 规则推导(低风险,收益快)
  2. 再改 PromptComposer 的裁剪与注入(控制长度与稳定性)
  3. 再改检索策略top_k、回退、metadata
  4. 最后改 schema 与输出协议(需联动执行端)

10. 变更后最小回归清单

每次改造后至少验证:

  1. simple 指令:返回 root.action,且无 children
  2. scene4 指令有复合树结构JSON 可解析
  3. relative 指令:复杂模式下出现 context.relative_refs
  4. /generate_plan 不变更接口字段(兼容外部调用)
  5. python tools/rag/ingest.py 可完成入库(或输出可定位错误)