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- 包含所有Python依赖包
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backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_decompositions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,474 @@
+from sympy.core.function import expand_mul
+from sympy.core.numbers import I, Rational
+from sympy.core.singleton import S
+from sympy.core.symbol import Symbol
+from sympy.functions.elementary.miscellaneous import sqrt
+from sympy.functions.elementary.complexes import Abs
+from sympy.simplify.simplify import simplify
+from sympy.matrices.exceptions import NonSquareMatrixError
+from sympy.matrices import Matrix, zeros, eye, SparseMatrix
+from sympy.abc import x, y, z
+from sympy.testing.pytest import raises, slow
+from sympy.testing.matrices import allclose
+
+
+def test_LUdecomp():
+    testmat = Matrix([[0, 2, 5, 3],
+                      [3, 3, 7, 4],
+                      [8, 4, 0, 2],
+                      [-2, 6, 3, 4]])
+    L, U, p = testmat.LUdecomposition()
+    assert L.is_lower
+    assert U.is_upper
+    assert (L*U).permute_rows(p, 'backward') - testmat == zeros(4)
+
+    testmat = Matrix([[6, -2, 7, 4],
+                      [0, 3, 6, 7],
+                      [1, -2, 7, 4],
+                      [-9, 2, 6, 3]])
+    L, U, p = testmat.LUdecomposition()
+    assert L.is_lower
+    assert U.is_upper
+    assert (L*U).permute_rows(p, 'backward') - testmat == zeros(4)
+
+    # non-square
+    testmat = Matrix([[1, 2, 3],
+                      [4, 5, 6],
+                      [7, 8, 9],
+                      [10, 11, 12]])
+    L, U, p = testmat.LUdecomposition(rankcheck=False)
+    assert L.is_lower
+    assert U.is_upper
+    assert (L*U).permute_rows(p, 'backward') - testmat == zeros(4, 3)
+
+    # square and singular
+    testmat = Matrix([[1, 2, 3],
+                      [2, 4, 6],
+                      [4, 5, 6]])
+    L, U, p = testmat.LUdecomposition(rankcheck=False)
+    assert L.is_lower
+    assert U.is_upper
+    assert (L*U).permute_rows(p, 'backward') - testmat == zeros(3)
+
+    M = Matrix(((1, x, 1), (2, y, 0), (y, 0, z)))
+    L, U, p = M.LUdecomposition()
+    assert L.is_lower
+    assert U.is_upper
+    assert (L*U).permute_rows(p, 'backward') - M == zeros(3)
+
+    mL = Matrix((
+        (1, 0, 0),
+        (2, 3, 0),
+    ))
+    assert mL.is_lower is True
+    assert mL.is_upper is False
+    mU = Matrix((
+        (1, 2, 3),
+        (0, 4, 5),
+    ))
+    assert mU.is_lower is False
+    assert mU.is_upper is True
+
+    # test FF LUdecomp
+    M = Matrix([[1, 3, 3],
+                [3, 2, 6],
+                [3, 2, 2]])
+    P, L, Dee, U = M.LUdecompositionFF()
+    assert P*M == L*Dee.inv()*U
+
+    M = Matrix([[1,  2, 3,  4],
+                [3, -1, 2,  3],
+                [3,  1, 3, -2],
+                [6, -1, 0,  2]])
+    P, L, Dee, U = M.LUdecompositionFF()
+    assert P*M == L*Dee.inv()*U
+
+    M = Matrix([[0, 0, 1],
+                [2, 3, 0],
+                [3, 1, 4]])
+    P, L, Dee, U = M.LUdecompositionFF()
+    assert P*M == L*Dee.inv()*U
+
+    # issue 15794
+    M = Matrix(
+        [[1, 2, 3],
+        [4, 5, 6],
+        [7, 8, 9]]
+    )
+    raises(ValueError, lambda : M.LUdecomposition_Simple(rankcheck=True))
+
+def test_singular_value_decompositionD():
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2], [2, 1]])
+    U, S, V = A.singular_value_decomposition()
+    assert U * S * V.T == A
+    assert U.T * U == eye(U.cols)
+    assert V.T * V == eye(V.cols)
+
+    B = Matrix([[1, 2]])
+    U, S, V = B.singular_value_decomposition()
+
+    assert U * S * V.T == B
+    assert U.T * U == eye(U.cols)
+    assert V.T * V == eye(V.cols)
+
+    C = Matrix([
+        [1, 0, 0, 0, 2],
+        [0, 0, 3, 0, 0],
+        [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        [0, 2, 0, 0, 0],
+    ])
+
+    U, S, V = C.singular_value_decomposition()
+
+    assert U * S * V.T == C
+    assert U.T * U == eye(U.cols)
+    assert V.T * V == eye(V.cols)
+
+    D = Matrix([[Rational(1, 3), sqrt(2)], [0, Rational(1, 4)]])
+    U, S, V = D.singular_value_decomposition()
+    assert simplify(U.T * U) == eye(U.cols)
+    assert simplify(V.T * V) == eye(V.cols)
+    assert simplify(U * S * V.T) == D
+
+
+def test_QR():
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2], [2, 3]])
+    Q, S = A.QRdecomposition()
+    R = Rational
+    assert Q == Matrix([
+        [  5**R(-1, 2),  (R(2)/5)*(R(1)/5)**R(-1, 2)],
+        [2*5**R(-1, 2), (-R(1)/5)*(R(1)/5)**R(-1, 2)]])
+    assert S == Matrix([[5**R(1, 2), 8*5**R(-1, 2)], [0, (R(1)/5)**R(1, 2)]])
+    assert Q*S == A
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(2)
+
+    A = Matrix([[1, 1, 1], [1, 1, 3], [2, 3, 4]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix([[12, 0, -51], [6, 0, 167], [-4, 0, 24]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    x = Symbol('x')
+    A = Matrix([x])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q == Matrix([x / Abs(x)])
+    assert R == Matrix([Abs(x)])
+
+    A = Matrix([[x, 0], [0, x]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q == x / Abs(x) * Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
+    assert R == Abs(x) * Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
+
+
+def test_QR_non_square():
+    # Narrow (cols < rows) matrices
+    A = Matrix([[9, 0, 26], [12, 0, -7], [0, 4, 4], [0, -3, -3]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix([[1, -1, 4], [1, 4, -2], [1, 4, 2], [1, -1, 0]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix(2, 1, [1, 2])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    # Wide (cols > rows) matrices
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 4, 9, 16], [1, 8, 27, 64]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix(1, 2, [1, 2])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+def test_QR_trivial():
+    # Rank deficient matrices
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix([[1, 1, 1], [2, 2, 2], [3, 3, 3], [4, 4, 4]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix([[1, 1, 1], [2, 2, 2], [3, 3, 3], [4, 4, 4]]).T
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    # Zero rank matrices
+    A = Matrix([[0, 0, 0]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix([[0, 0, 0]]).T
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix([[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix([[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]).T
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    # Rank deficient matrices with zero norm from beginning columns
+    A = Matrix([[0, 0, 0], [1, 2, 3]]).T
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix([[0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 2, 3, 4], [0, 0, 0, 0]]).T
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix([[0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 2, 3, 4], [0, 0, 0, 0], [2, 4, 6, 8]]).T
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+    A = Matrix([[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [1, 2, 3]]).T
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert Q.T * Q == eye(Q.cols)
+    assert R.is_upper
+    assert A == Q*R
+
+
+def test_QR_float():
+    A = Matrix([[1, 1], [1, 1.01]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert allclose(Q * R, A)
+    assert allclose(Q * Q.T, Matrix.eye(2))
+    assert allclose(Q.T * Q, Matrix.eye(2))
+
+    A = Matrix([[1, 1], [1, 1.001]])
+    Q, R = A.QRdecomposition()
+    assert allclose(Q * R, A)
+    assert allclose(Q * Q.T, Matrix.eye(2))
+    assert allclose(Q.T * Q, Matrix.eye(2))
+
+
+def test_LUdecomposition_Simple_iszerofunc():
+    # Test if callable passed to matrices.LUdecomposition_Simple() as iszerofunc keyword argument is used inside
+    # matrices.LUdecomposition_Simple()
+    magic_string = "I got passed in!"
+    def goofyiszero(value):
+        raise ValueError(magic_string)
+
+    try:
+        lu, p = Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]]).LUdecomposition_Simple(iszerofunc=goofyiszero)
+    except ValueError as err:
+        assert magic_string == err.args[0]
+        return
+
+    assert False
+
+def test_LUdecomposition_iszerofunc():
+    # Test if callable passed to matrices.LUdecomposition() as iszerofunc keyword argument is used inside
+    # matrices.LUdecomposition_Simple()
+    magic_string = "I got passed in!"
+    def goofyiszero(value):
+        raise ValueError(magic_string)
+
+    try:
+        l, u, p = Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]]).LUdecomposition(iszerofunc=goofyiszero)
+    except ValueError as err:
+        assert magic_string == err.args[0]
+        return
+
+    assert False
+
+def test_LDLdecomposition():
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda: Matrix((1, 2)).LDLdecomposition())
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: Matrix(((1, 2), (3, 4))).LDLdecomposition())
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: Matrix(((5 + I, 0), (0, 1))).LDLdecomposition())
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: Matrix(((1, 5), (5, 1))).LDLdecomposition())
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: Matrix(((1, 2), (3, 4))).LDLdecomposition(hermitian=False))
+    A = Matrix(((1, 5), (5, 1)))
+    L, D = A.LDLdecomposition(hermitian=False)
+    assert L * D * L.T == A
+    A = Matrix(((25, 15, -5), (15, 18, 0), (-5, 0, 11)))
+    L, D = A.LDLdecomposition()
+    assert L * D * L.T == A
+    assert L.is_lower
+    assert L == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [ Rational(3, 5), 1, 0], [Rational(-1, 5), Rational(1, 3), 1]])
+    assert D.is_diagonal()
+    assert D == Matrix([[25, 0, 0], [0, 9, 0], [0, 0, 9]])
+    A = Matrix(((4, -2*I, 2 + 2*I), (2*I, 2, -1 + I), (2 - 2*I, -1 - I, 11)))
+    L, D = A.LDLdecomposition()
+    assert expand_mul(L * D * L.H) == A
+    assert L.expand() == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [I/2, 1, 0], [S.Half - I/2, 0, 1]])
+    assert D.expand() == Matrix(((4, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 9)))
+
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda: SparseMatrix((1, 2)).LDLdecomposition())
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix(((1, 2), (3, 4))).LDLdecomposition())
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix(((5 + I, 0), (0, 1))).LDLdecomposition())
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix(((1, 5), (5, 1))).LDLdecomposition())
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix(((1, 2), (3, 4))).LDLdecomposition(hermitian=False))
+    A = SparseMatrix(((1, 5), (5, 1)))
+    L, D = A.LDLdecomposition(hermitian=False)
+    assert L * D * L.T == A
+    A = SparseMatrix(((25, 15, -5), (15, 18, 0), (-5, 0, 11)))
+    L, D = A.LDLdecomposition()
+    assert L * D * L.T == A
+    assert L.is_lower
+    assert L == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [ Rational(3, 5), 1, 0], [Rational(-1, 5), Rational(1, 3), 1]])
+    assert D.is_diagonal()
+    assert D == Matrix([[25, 0, 0], [0, 9, 0], [0, 0, 9]])
+    A = SparseMatrix(((4, -2*I, 2 + 2*I), (2*I, 2, -1 + I), (2 - 2*I, -1 - I, 11)))
+    L, D = A.LDLdecomposition()
+    assert expand_mul(L * D * L.H) == A
+    assert L == Matrix(((1, 0, 0), (I/2, 1, 0), (S.Half - I/2, 0, 1)))
+    assert D == Matrix(((4, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0), (0, 0, 9)))
+
+def test_pinv_succeeds_with_rank_decomposition_method():
+    # Test rank decomposition method of pseudoinverse succeeding
+    As = [Matrix([
+        [61, 89, 55, 20, 71, 0],
+        [62, 96, 85, 85, 16, 0],
+        [69, 56, 17,  4, 54, 0],
+        [10, 54, 91, 41, 71, 0],
+        [ 7, 30, 10, 48, 90, 0],
+        [0,0,0,0,0,0]])]
+    for A in As:
+        A_pinv = A.pinv(method="RD")
+        AAp = A * A_pinv
+        ApA = A_pinv * A
+        assert simplify(AAp * A) == A
+        assert simplify(ApA * A_pinv) == A_pinv
+        assert AAp.H == AAp
+        assert ApA.H == ApA
+
+def test_rank_decomposition():
+    a = Matrix(0, 0, [])
+    c, f = a.rank_decomposition()
+    assert f.is_echelon
+    assert c.cols == f.rows == a.rank()
+    assert c * f == a
+
+    a = Matrix(1, 1, [5])
+    c, f = a.rank_decomposition()
+    assert f.is_echelon
+    assert c.cols == f.rows == a.rank()
+    assert c * f == a
+
+    a = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3])
+    c, f = a.rank_decomposition()
+    assert f.is_echelon
+    assert c.cols == f.rows == a.rank()
+    assert c * f == a
+
+    a = Matrix([
+        [0, 0, 1, 2, 2, -5, 3],
+        [-1, 5, 2, 2, 1, -7, 5],
+        [0, 0, -2, -3, -3, 8, -5],
+        [-1, 5, 0, -1, -2, 1, 0]])
+    c, f = a.rank_decomposition()
+    assert f.is_echelon
+    assert c.cols == f.rows == a.rank()
+    assert c * f == a
+
+
+@slow
+def test_upper_hessenberg_decomposition():
+    A = Matrix([
+        [1, 0, sqrt(3)],
+        [sqrt(2), Rational(1, 2), 2],
+        [1, Rational(1, 4), 3],
+    ])
+    H, P = A.upper_hessenberg_decomposition()
+    assert simplify(P * P.H) == eye(P.cols)
+    assert simplify(P.H * P) == eye(P.cols)
+    assert H.is_upper_hessenberg
+    assert (simplify(P * H * P.H)) == A
+
+
+    B = Matrix([
+        [1, 2, 10],
+        [8, 2, 5],
+        [3, 12, 34],
+    ])
+    H, P = B.upper_hessenberg_decomposition()
+    assert simplify(P * P.H) == eye(P.cols)
+    assert simplify(P.H * P) == eye(P.cols)
+    assert H.is_upper_hessenberg
+    assert simplify(P * H * P.H) == B
+
+    C = Matrix([
+        [1, sqrt(2), 2, 3],
+        [0, 5, 3, 4],
+        [1, 1, 4, sqrt(5)],
+        [0, 2, 2, 3]
+    ])
+
+    H, P = C.upper_hessenberg_decomposition()
+    assert simplify(P * P.H) == eye(P.cols)
+    assert simplify(P.H * P) == eye(P.cols)
+    assert H.is_upper_hessenberg
+    assert simplify(P * H * P.H) == C
+
+    D = Matrix([
+        [1, 2, 3],
+        [-3, 5, 6],
+        [4, -8, 9],
+    ])
+    H, P = D.upper_hessenberg_decomposition()
+    assert simplify(P * P.H) == eye(P.cols)
+    assert simplify(P.H * P) == eye(P.cols)
+    assert H.is_upper_hessenberg
+    assert simplify(P * H * P.H) == D
+
+    E = Matrix([
+        [1, 0, 0, 0],
+        [0, 1, 0, 0],
+        [1, 1, 0, 1],
+        [1, 1, 1, 0]
+    ])
+
+    H, P = E.upper_hessenberg_decomposition()
+    assert simplify(P * P.H) == eye(P.cols)
+    assert simplify(P.H * P) == eye(P.cols)
+    assert H.is_upper_hessenberg
+    assert simplify(P * H * P.H) == E

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_determinant.py

@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+import random
+import pytest
+from sympy.core.numbers import I
+from sympy.core.numbers import Rational
+from sympy.core.symbol import (Symbol, symbols)
+from sympy.functions.elementary.miscellaneous import sqrt
+from sympy.polys.polytools import Poly
+from sympy.matrices import Matrix, eye, ones
+from sympy.abc import x, y, z
+from sympy.testing.pytest import raises
+from sympy.matrices.exceptions import NonSquareMatrixError
+from sympy.functions.combinatorial.factorials import factorial, subfactorial
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("method", [
+    # Evaluating these directly because they are never reached via M.det()
+    Matrix._eval_det_bareiss, Matrix._eval_det_berkowitz,
+    Matrix._eval_det_bird, Matrix._eval_det_laplace, Matrix._eval_det_lu
+])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("M, sol", [
+    (Matrix(), 1),
+    (Matrix([[0]]), 0),
+    (Matrix([[5]]), 5),
+])
+def test_eval_determinant(method, M, sol):
+    assert method(M) == sol
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("method", [
+    "domain-ge", "bareiss", "berkowitz", "bird", "laplace", "lu"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("M, sol", [
+    (Matrix(( (-3,  2),
+              ( 8, -5) )), -1),
+    (Matrix(( (x,   1),
+              (y, 2*y) )), 2*x*y - y),
+    (Matrix(( (1, 1, 1),
+              (1, 2, 3),
+              (1, 3, 6) )), 1),
+    (Matrix(( ( 3, -2,  0, 5),
+              (-2,  1, -2, 2),
+              ( 0, -2,  5, 0),
+              ( 5,  0,  3, 4) )), -289),
+    (Matrix(( ( 1,  2,  3,  4),
+              ( 5,  6,  7,  8),
+              ( 9, 10, 11, 12),
+              (13, 14, 15, 16) )), 0),
+    (Matrix(( (3, 2, 0, 0, 0),
+              (0, 3, 2, 0, 0),
+              (0, 0, 3, 2, 0),
+              (0, 0, 0, 3, 2),
+              (2, 0, 0, 0, 3) )), 275),
+    (Matrix(( ( 3,  0,  0, 0),
+              (-2,  1,  0, 0),
+              ( 0, -2,  5, 0),
+              ( 5,  0,  3, 4) )), 60),
+    (Matrix(( ( 1,  0,  0,  0),
+              ( 5,  0,  0,  0),
+              ( 9, 10, 11, 0),
+              (13, 14, 15, 16) )), 0),
+    (Matrix(( (3, 2, 0, 0, 0),
+              (0, 3, 2, 0, 0),
+              (0, 0, 3, 2, 0),
+              (0, 0, 0, 3, 2),
+              (0, 0, 0, 0, 3) )), 243),
+    (Matrix(( (1, 0,  1,  2, 12),
+              (2, 0,  1,  1,  4),
+              (2, 1,  1, -1,  3),
+              (3, 2, -1,  1,  8),
+              (1, 1,  1,  0,  6) )), -55),
+    (Matrix(( (-5,  2,  3,  4,  5),
+              ( 1, -4,  3,  4,  5),
+              ( 1,  2, -3,  4,  5),
+              ( 1,  2,  3, -2,  5),
+              ( 1,  2,  3,  4, -1) )), 11664),
+    (Matrix(( ( 2,  7, -1, 3, 2),
+              ( 0,  0,  1, 0, 1),
+              (-2,  0,  7, 0, 2),
+              (-3, -2,  4, 5, 3),
+              ( 1,  0,  0, 0, 1) )), 123),
+    (Matrix(( (x, y, z),
+              (1, 0, 0),
+              (y, z, x) )), z**2 - x*y),
+])
+def test_determinant(method, M, sol):
+    assert M.det(method=method) == sol
+
+
+def test_issue_13835():
+    a = symbols('a')
+    M = lambda n: Matrix([[i + a*j for i in range(n)]
+                          for j in range(n)])
+    assert M(5).det() == 0
+    assert M(6).det() == 0
+    assert M(7).det() == 0
+
+
+def test_issue_14517():
+    M = Matrix([
+        [   0, 10*I,    10*I,       0],
+        [10*I,    0,       0,    10*I],
+        [10*I,    0, 5 + 2*I,    10*I],
+        [   0, 10*I,    10*I, 5 + 2*I]])
+    ev = M.eigenvals()
+    # test one random eigenvalue, the computation is a little slow
+    test_ev = random.choice(list(ev.keys()))
+    assert (M - test_ev*eye(4)).det() == 0
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("method", [
+    "bareis", "det_lu", "det_LU", "Bareis", "BAREISS", "BERKOWITZ", "LU"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("M, sol", [
+    (Matrix(( ( 3, -2,  0, 5),
+              (-2,  1, -2, 2),
+              ( 0, -2,  5, 0),
+              ( 5,  0,  3, 4) )), -289),
+    (Matrix(( (-5,  2,  3,  4,  5),
+              ( 1, -4,  3,  4,  5),
+              ( 1,  2, -3,  4,  5),
+              ( 1,  2,  3, -2,  5),
+              ( 1,  2,  3,  4, -1) )), 11664),
+])
+def test_legacy_det(method, M, sol):
+    # Minimal support for legacy keys for 'method' in det()
+    # Partially copied from test_determinant()
+    assert M.det(method=method) == sol
+
+
+def eye_Determinant(n):
+    return Matrix(n, n, lambda i, j: int(i == j))
+
+def zeros_Determinant(n):
+    return Matrix(n, n, lambda i, j: 0)
+
+def test_det():
+    a = Matrix(2, 3, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda: a.det())
+
+    z = zeros_Determinant(2)
+    ey = eye_Determinant(2)
+    assert z.det() == 0
+    assert ey.det() == 1
+
+    x = Symbol('x')
+    a = Matrix(0, 0, [])
+    b = Matrix(1, 1, [5])
+    c = Matrix(2, 2, [1, 2, 3, 4])
+    d = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8])
+    e = Matrix(4, 4,
+        [x, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 14])
+    from sympy.abc import i, j, k, l, m, n
+    f = Matrix(3, 3, [i, l, m, 0, j, n, 0, 0, k])
+    g = Matrix(3, 3, [i, 0, 0, l, j, 0, m, n, k])
+    h = Matrix(3, 3, [x**3, 0, 0, i, x**-1, 0, j, k, x**-2])
+    # the method keyword for `det` doesn't kick in until 4x4 matrices,
+    # so there is no need to test all methods on smaller ones
+
+    assert a.det() == 1
+    assert b.det() == 5
+    assert c.det() == -2
+    assert d.det() == 3
+    assert e.det() == 4*x - 24
+    assert e.det(method="domain-ge") == 4*x - 24
+    assert e.det(method='bareiss') == 4*x - 24
+    assert e.det(method='berkowitz') == 4*x - 24
+    assert f.det() == i*j*k
+    assert g.det() == i*j*k
+    assert h.det() == 1
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.det(iszerofunc="test"))
+
+def test_permanent():
+    M = Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
+    assert M.per() == 450
+    for i in range(1, 12):
+        assert ones(i, i).per() == ones(i, i).T.per() == factorial(i)
+        assert (ones(i, i)-eye(i)).per() == (ones(i, i)-eye(i)).T.per() == subfactorial(i)
+
+    a1, a2, a3, a4, a5 = symbols('a_1 a_2 a_3 a_4 a_5')
+    M = Matrix([a1, a2, a3, a4, a5])
+    assert M.per() == M.T.per() == a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + a5
+
+def test_adjugate():
+    x = Symbol('x')
+    e = Matrix(4, 4,
+        [x, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 14])
+
+    adj = Matrix([
+        [   4,         -8,         4,         0],
+        [  76, -14*x - 68,  14*x - 8, -4*x + 24],
+        [-122, 17*x + 142, -21*x + 4,  8*x - 48],
+        [  48,  -4*x - 72,       8*x, -4*x + 24]])
+    assert e.adjugate() == adj
+    assert e.adjugate(method='bareiss') == adj
+    assert e.adjugate(method='berkowitz') == adj
+    assert e.adjugate(method='bird') == adj
+    assert e.adjugate(method='laplace') == adj
+
+    a = Matrix(2, 3, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda: a.adjugate())
+
+def test_util():
+    R = Rational
+
+    v1 = Matrix(1, 3, [1, 2, 3])
+    v2 = Matrix(1, 3, [3, 4, 5])
+    assert v1.norm() == sqrt(14)
+    assert v1.project(v2) == Matrix(1, 3, [R(39)/25, R(52)/25, R(13)/5])
+    assert Matrix.zeros(1, 2) == Matrix(1, 2, [0, 0])
+    assert ones(1, 2) == Matrix(1, 2, [1, 1])
+    assert v1.copy() == v1
+    # cofactor
+    assert eye(3) == eye(3).cofactor_matrix()
+    test = Matrix([[1, 3, 2], [2, 6, 3], [2, 3, 6]])
+    assert test.cofactor_matrix() == \
+        Matrix([[27, -6, -6], [-12, 2, 3], [-3, 1, 0]])
+    test = Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
+    assert test.cofactor_matrix() == \
+        Matrix([[-3, 6, -3], [6, -12, 6], [-3, 6, -3]])
+
+def test_cofactor_and_minors():
+    x = Symbol('x')
+    e = Matrix(4, 4,
+        [x, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 14])
+
+    m = Matrix([
+        [ x,  1,  3],
+        [ 2,  9, 11],
+        [12, 13, 14]])
+    cm = Matrix([
+        [ 4,         76,       -122,        48],
+        [-8, -14*x - 68, 17*x + 142, -4*x - 72],
+        [ 4,   14*x - 8,  -21*x + 4,       8*x],
+        [ 0,  -4*x + 24,   8*x - 48, -4*x + 24]])
+    sub = Matrix([
+            [x, 1,  2],
+            [4, 5,  6],
+            [2, 9, 10]])
+
+    assert e.minor_submatrix(1, 2) == m
+    assert e.minor_submatrix(-1, -1) == sub
+    assert e.minor(1, 2) == -17*x - 142
+    assert e.cofactor(1, 2) == 17*x + 142
+    assert e.cofactor_matrix() == cm
+    assert e.cofactor_matrix(method="bareiss") == cm
+    assert e.cofactor_matrix(method="berkowitz") == cm
+    assert e.cofactor_matrix(method="bird") == cm
+    assert e.cofactor_matrix(method="laplace") == cm
+
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.cofactor(4, 5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.minor(4, 5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.minor_submatrix(4, 5))
+
+    a = Matrix(2, 3, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
+    assert a.minor_submatrix(0, 0) == Matrix([[5, 6]])
+
+    raises(ValueError, lambda:
+        Matrix(0, 0, []).minor_submatrix(0, 0))
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda: a.cofactor(0, 0))
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda: a.minor(0, 0))
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda: a.cofactor_matrix())
+
+def test_charpoly():
+    x, y = Symbol('x'), Symbol('y')
+    z, t = Symbol('z'), Symbol('t')
+
+    from sympy.abc import a,b,c
+
+    m = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
+
+    assert eye_Determinant(3).charpoly(x) == Poly((x - 1)**3, x)
+    assert eye_Determinant(3).charpoly(y) == Poly((y - 1)**3, y)
+    assert m.charpoly() == Poly(x**3 - 15*x**2 - 18*x, x)
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda: Matrix([[1], [2]]).charpoly())
+    n = Matrix(4, 4, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
+    assert n.charpoly() == Poly(x**4, x)
+
+    n = Matrix(4, 4, [45, 0, 0, 0, 0, 23, 0, 0, 0, 0, 87, 0, 0, 0, 0, 12])
+    assert n.charpoly() == Poly(x**4 - 167*x**3 + 8811*x**2 - 173457*x + 1080540, x)
+
+    n = Matrix(3, 3, [x, 0, 0, a, y, 0, b, c, z])
+    assert n.charpoly() == Poly(t**3 - (x+y+z)*t**2 + t*(x*y+y*z+x*z) - x*y*z, t)

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_domains.py

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+# Test Matrix/DomainMatrix interaction.
+
+
+from sympy import GF, ZZ, QQ, EXRAW
+from sympy.polys.matrices import DomainMatrix, DM
+
+from sympy import (
+    Matrix,
+    MutableMatrix,
+    ImmutableMatrix,
+    SparseMatrix,
+    MutableDenseMatrix,
+    ImmutableDenseMatrix,
+    MutableSparseMatrix,
+    ImmutableSparseMatrix,
+)
+from sympy import symbols, S, sqrt
+
+from sympy.testing.pytest import raises
+
+
+x, y = symbols('x y')
+
+
+MATRIX_TYPES = (
+    Matrix,
+    MutableMatrix,
+    ImmutableMatrix,
+    SparseMatrix,
+    MutableDenseMatrix,
+    ImmutableDenseMatrix,
+    MutableSparseMatrix,
+    ImmutableSparseMatrix,
+)
+IMMUTABLE = (
+    ImmutableMatrix,
+    ImmutableDenseMatrix,
+    ImmutableSparseMatrix,
+)
+
+
+def DMs(items, domain):
+    return DM(items, domain).to_sparse()
+
+
+def test_Matrix_rep_domain():
+
+    for Mat in MATRIX_TYPES:
+
+        M = Mat([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
+        assert M._rep == DMs([[1, 2], [3, 4]], ZZ)
+        assert (M / 2)._rep == DMs([[(1,2), 1], [(3,2), 2]], QQ)
+        if not isinstance(M, IMMUTABLE):
+            M[0, 0] = x
+            assert M._rep == DMs([[x, 2], [3, 4]], EXRAW)
+
+        M = Mat([[S(1)/2, 2], [3, 4]])
+        assert M._rep == DMs([[(1,2), 2], [3, 4]], QQ)
+        if not isinstance(M, IMMUTABLE):
+            M[0, 0] = x
+            assert M._rep == DMs([[x, 2], [3, 4]], EXRAW)
+
+        dM = DMs([[1, 2], [3, 4]], ZZ)
+        assert Mat._fromrep(dM)._rep == dM
+
+    # XXX: This is not intended. Perhaps it should be coerced to EXRAW?
+    # The private _fromrep method is never called like this but perhaps it
+    # should be guarded.
+    #
+    # It is not clear how to integrate domains other than ZZ, QQ and EXRAW with
+    # the rest of Matrix or if the public type for this needs to be something
+    # different from Matrix somehow.
+    K = QQ.algebraic_field(sqrt(2))
+    dM = DM([[1, 2], [3, 4]], K)
+    assert Mat._fromrep(dM)._rep.domain == K
+
+
+def test_Matrix_to_DM():
+
+    M = Matrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
+    assert M.to_DM() == DMs([[1, 2], [3, 4]], ZZ)
+    assert M.to_DM() is not M._rep
+    assert M.to_DM(field=True) == DMs([[1, 2], [3, 4]], QQ)
+    assert M.to_DM(domain=QQ) == DMs([[1, 2], [3, 4]], QQ)
+    assert M.to_DM(domain=QQ[x]) == DMs([[1, 2], [3, 4]], QQ[x])
+    assert M.to_DM(domain=GF(3)) == DMs([[1, 2], [0, 1]], GF(3))
+
+    M = Matrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
+    M[0, 0] = x
+    assert M._rep.domain == EXRAW
+    M[0, 0] = 1
+    assert M.to_DM() == DMs([[1, 2], [3, 4]], ZZ)
+
+    M = Matrix([[S(1)/2, 2], [3, 4]])
+    assert M.to_DM() == DMs([[QQ(1,2), 2], [3, 4]], QQ)
+
+    M = Matrix([[x, 2], [3, 4]])
+    assert M.to_DM() == DMs([[x, 2], [3, 4]], ZZ[x])
+    assert M.to_DM(field=True) == DMs([[x, 2], [3, 4]], ZZ.frac_field(x))
+
+    M = Matrix([[1/x, 2], [3, 4]])
+    assert M.to_DM() == DMs([[1/x, 2], [3, 4]], ZZ.frac_field(x))
+
+    M = Matrix([[1, sqrt(2)], [3, 4]])
+    K = QQ.algebraic_field(sqrt(2))
+    sqrt2 = K.from_sympy(sqrt(2)) # XXX: Maybe K(sqrt(2)) should work
+    M_K = DomainMatrix([[K(1), sqrt2], [K(3), K(4)]], (2, 2), K)
+    assert M.to_DM() == DMs([[1, sqrt(2)], [3, 4]], EXRAW)
+    assert M.to_DM(extension=True) == M_K.to_sparse()
+
+    # Options cannot be used with the domain parameter
+    M = Matrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: M.to_DM(domain=QQ, field=True))

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_eigen.py

@@ -0,0 +1,712 @@
+from sympy.core.evalf import N
+from sympy.core.numbers import (Float, I, Rational)
+from sympy.core.symbol import (Symbol, symbols)
+from sympy.functions.elementary.complexes import Abs
+from sympy.functions.elementary.miscellaneous import sqrt
+from sympy.functions.elementary.trigonometric import (cos, sin)
+from sympy.matrices import eye, Matrix
+from sympy.core.singleton import S
+from sympy.testing.pytest import raises, XFAIL
+from sympy.matrices.exceptions import NonSquareMatrixError, MatrixError
+from sympy.matrices.expressions.fourier import DFT
+from sympy.simplify.simplify import simplify
+from sympy.matrices.immutable import ImmutableMatrix
+from sympy.testing.pytest import slow
+from sympy.testing.matrices import allclose
+
+
+def test_eigen():
+    R = Rational
+    M = Matrix.eye(3)
+    assert M.eigenvals(multiple=False) == {S.One: 3}
+    assert M.eigenvals(multiple=True) == [1, 1, 1]
+
+    assert M.eigenvects() == (
+        [(1, 3, [Matrix([1, 0, 0]),
+                 Matrix([0, 1, 0]),
+                 Matrix([0, 0, 1])])])
+
+    assert M.left_eigenvects() == (
+        [(1, 3, [Matrix([[1, 0, 0]]),
+                 Matrix([[0, 1, 0]]),
+                 Matrix([[0, 0, 1]])])])
+
+    M = Matrix([[0, 1, 1],
+                [1, 0, 0],
+                [1, 1, 1]])
+
+    assert M.eigenvals() == {2*S.One: 1, -S.One: 1, S.Zero: 1}
+
+    assert M.eigenvects() == (
+        [
+            (-1, 1, [Matrix([-1, 1, 0])]),
+            ( 0, 1, [Matrix([0, -1, 1])]),
+            ( 2, 1, [Matrix([R(2, 3), R(1, 3), 1])])
+        ])
+
+    assert M.left_eigenvects() == (
+        [
+            (-1, 1, [Matrix([[-2, 1, 1]])]),
+            (0, 1, [Matrix([[-1, -1, 1]])]),
+            (2, 1, [Matrix([[1, 1, 1]])])
+        ])
+
+    a = Symbol('a')
+    M = Matrix([[a, 0],
+                [0, 1]])
+
+    assert M.eigenvals() == {a: 1, S.One: 1}
+
+    M = Matrix([[1, -1],
+                [1,  3]])
+    assert M.eigenvects() == ([(2, 2, [Matrix(2, 1, [-1, 1])])])
+    assert M.left_eigenvects() == ([(2, 2, [Matrix([[1, 1]])])])
+
+    M = Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
+    a = R(15, 2)
+    b = 3*33**R(1, 2)
+    c = R(13, 2)
+    d = (R(33, 8) + 3*b/8)
+    e = (R(33, 8) - 3*b/8)
+
+    def NS(e, n):
+        return str(N(e, n))
+    r = [
+        (a - b/2, 1, [Matrix([(12 + 24/(c - b/2))/((c - b/2)*e) + 3/(c - b/2),
+                              (6 + 12/(c - b/2))/e, 1])]),
+        (      0, 1, [Matrix([1, -2, 1])]),
+        (a + b/2, 1, [Matrix([(12 + 24/(c + b/2))/((c + b/2)*d) + 3/(c + b/2),
+                              (6 + 12/(c + b/2))/d, 1])]),
+    ]
+    r1 = [(NS(r[i][0], 2), NS(r[i][1], 2),
+        [NS(j, 2) for j in r[i][2][0]]) for i in range(len(r))]
+    r = M.eigenvects()
+    r2 = [(NS(r[i][0], 2), NS(r[i][1], 2),
+        [NS(j, 2) for j in r[i][2][0]]) for i in range(len(r))]
+    assert sorted(r1) == sorted(r2)
+
+    eps = Symbol('eps', real=True)
+
+    M = Matrix([[abs(eps), I*eps    ],
+                [-I*eps,   abs(eps) ]])
+
+    assert M.eigenvects() == (
+        [
+            ( 0, 1, [Matrix([[-I*eps/abs(eps)], [1]])]),
+            ( 2*abs(eps), 1, [ Matrix([[I*eps/abs(eps)], [1]]) ] ),
+        ])
+
+    assert M.left_eigenvects() == (
+        [
+            (0, 1, [Matrix([[I*eps/Abs(eps), 1]])]),
+            (2*Abs(eps), 1, [Matrix([[-I*eps/Abs(eps), 1]])])
+        ])
+
+    M = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 2, 0, 0, 3, 0, 2, -4, 2])
+    M._eigenvects = M.eigenvects(simplify=False)
+    assert max(i.q for i in M._eigenvects[0][2][0]) > 1
+    M._eigenvects = M.eigenvects(simplify=True)
+    assert max(i.q for i in M._eigenvects[0][2][0]) == 1
+
+    M = Matrix([[Rational(1, 4), 1], [1, 1]])
+    assert M.eigenvects() == [
+        (Rational(5, 8) - sqrt(73)/8, 1, [Matrix([[-sqrt(73)/8 - Rational(3, 8)], [1]])]),
+        (Rational(5, 8) + sqrt(73)/8, 1, [Matrix([[Rational(-3, 8) + sqrt(73)/8], [1]])])]
+
+    # issue 10719
+    assert Matrix([]).eigenvals() == {}
+    assert Matrix([]).eigenvals(multiple=True) == []
+    assert Matrix([]).eigenvects() == []
+
+    # issue 15119
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError,
+           lambda: Matrix([[1, 2], [0, 4], [0, 0]]).eigenvals())
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError,
+           lambda: Matrix([[1, 0], [3, 4], [5, 6]]).eigenvals())
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError,
+           lambda: Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [0, 5, 6]]).eigenvals())
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError,
+           lambda: Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [4, 5, 0]]).eigenvals())
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError,
+           lambda: Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [0, 5, 6]]).eigenvals(
+               error_when_incomplete = False))
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError,
+           lambda: Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [4, 5, 0]]).eigenvals(
+               error_when_incomplete = False))
+
+    m = Matrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
+    assert isinstance(m.eigenvals(simplify=True, multiple=False), dict)
+    assert isinstance(m.eigenvals(simplify=True, multiple=True), list)
+    assert isinstance(m.eigenvals(simplify=lambda x: x, multiple=False), dict)
+    assert isinstance(m.eigenvals(simplify=lambda x: x, multiple=True), list)
+
+
+def test_float_eigenvals():
+    m = Matrix([[1, .6, .6], [.6, .9, .9], [.9, .6, .6]])
+    evals = [
+        Rational(5, 4) - sqrt(385)/20,
+        sqrt(385)/20 + Rational(5, 4),
+        S.Zero]
+
+    n_evals = m.eigenvals(rational=True, multiple=True)
+    n_evals = sorted(n_evals)
+    s_evals = [x.evalf() for x in evals]
+    s_evals = sorted(s_evals)
+
+    for x, y in zip(n_evals, s_evals):
+        assert abs(x-y) < 10**-9
+
+
+@XFAIL
+def test_eigen_vects():
+    m = Matrix(2, 2, [1, 0, 0, I])
+    raises(NotImplementedError, lambda: m.is_diagonalizable(True))
+    # !!! bug because of eigenvects() or roots(x**2 + (-1 - I)*x + I, x)
+    # see issue 5292
+    assert not m.is_diagonalizable(True)
+    raises(MatrixError, lambda: m.diagonalize(True))
+    (P, D) = m.diagonalize(True)
+
+def test_issue_8240():
+    # Eigenvalues of large triangular matrices
+    x, y = symbols('x y')
+    n = 200
+
+    diagonal_variables = [Symbol('x%s' % i) for i in range(n)]
+    M = [[0 for i in range(n)] for j in range(n)]
+    for i in range(n):
+        M[i][i] = diagonal_variables[i]
+    M = Matrix(M)
+
+    eigenvals = M.eigenvals()
+    assert len(eigenvals) == n
+    for i in range(n):
+        assert eigenvals[diagonal_variables[i]] == 1
+
+    eigenvals = M.eigenvals(multiple=True)
+    assert set(eigenvals) == set(diagonal_variables)
+
+    # with multiplicity
+    M = Matrix([[x, 0, 0], [1, y, 0], [2, 3, x]])
+    eigenvals = M.eigenvals()
+    assert eigenvals == {x: 2, y: 1}
+
+    eigenvals = M.eigenvals(multiple=True)
+    assert len(eigenvals) == 3
+    assert eigenvals.count(x) == 2
+    assert eigenvals.count(y) == 1
+
+
+def test_eigenvals():
+    M = Matrix([[0, 1, 1],
+                [1, 0, 0],
+                [1, 1, 1]])
+    assert M.eigenvals() == {2*S.One: 1, -S.One: 1, S.Zero: 1}
+
+    m = Matrix([
+        [3,  0,  0, 0, -3],
+        [0, -3, -3, 0,  3],
+        [0,  3,  0, 3,  0],
+        [0,  0,  3, 0,  3],
+        [3,  0,  0, 3,  0]])
+
+    # XXX Used dry-run test because arbitrary symbol that appears in
+    # CRootOf may not be unique.
+    assert m.eigenvals()
+
+
+def test_eigenvects():
+    M = Matrix([[0, 1, 1],
+                [1, 0, 0],
+                [1, 1, 1]])
+    vecs = M.eigenvects()
+    for val, mult, vec_list in vecs:
+        assert len(vec_list) == 1
+        assert M*vec_list[0] == val*vec_list[0]
+
+
+def test_left_eigenvects():
+    M = Matrix([[0, 1, 1],
+                [1, 0, 0],
+                [1, 1, 1]])
+    vecs = M.left_eigenvects()
+    for val, mult, vec_list in vecs:
+        assert len(vec_list) == 1
+        assert vec_list[0]*M == val*vec_list[0]
+
+
+@slow
+def test_bidiagonalize():
+    M = Matrix([[1, 0, 0],
+                [0, 1, 0],
+                [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert M.bidiagonalize() == M
+    assert M.bidiagonalize(upper=False) == M
+    assert M.bidiagonalize() == M
+    assert M.bidiagonal_decomposition() == (M, M, M)
+    assert M.bidiagonal_decomposition(upper=False) == (M, M, M)
+    assert M.bidiagonalize() == M
+
+    import random
+    #Real Tests
+    for real_test in range(2):
+        test_values = []
+        row = 2
+        col = 2
+        for _ in range(row * col):
+            value = random.randint(-1000000000, 1000000000)
+            test_values = test_values + [value]
+        # L     -> Lower Bidiagonalization
+        # M     -> Mutable Matrix
+        # N     -> Immutable Matrix
+        # 0     -> Bidiagonalized form
+        # 1,2,3 -> Bidiagonal_decomposition matrices
+        # 4     -> Product of 1 2 3
+        M = Matrix(row, col, test_values)
+        N = ImmutableMatrix(M)
+
+        N1, N2, N3 = N.bidiagonal_decomposition()
+        M1, M2, M3 = M.bidiagonal_decomposition()
+        M0 = M.bidiagonalize()
+        N0 = N.bidiagonalize()
+
+        N4 = N1 * N2 * N3
+        M4 = M1 * M2 * M3
+
+        N2.simplify()
+        N4.simplify()
+        N0.simplify()
+
+        M0.simplify()
+        M2.simplify()
+        M4.simplify()
+
+        LM0 = M.bidiagonalize(upper=False)
+        LM1, LM2, LM3 = M.bidiagonal_decomposition(upper=False)
+        LN0 = N.bidiagonalize(upper=False)
+        LN1, LN2, LN3 = N.bidiagonal_decomposition(upper=False)
+
+        LN4 = LN1 * LN2 * LN3
+        LM4 = LM1 * LM2 * LM3
+
+        LN2.simplify()
+        LN4.simplify()
+        LN0.simplify()
+
+        LM0.simplify()
+        LM2.simplify()
+        LM4.simplify()
+
+        assert M == M4
+        assert M2 == M0
+        assert N == N4
+        assert N2 == N0
+        assert M == LM4
+        assert LM2 == LM0
+        assert N == LN4
+        assert LN2 == LN0
+
+    #Complex Tests
+    for complex_test in range(2):
+        test_values = []
+        size = 2
+        for _ in range(size * size):
+            real = random.randint(-1000000000, 1000000000)
+            comp = random.randint(-1000000000, 1000000000)
+            value = real + comp * I
+            test_values = test_values + [value]
+        M = Matrix(size, size, test_values)
+        N = ImmutableMatrix(M)
+        # L     -> Lower Bidiagonalization
+        # M     -> Mutable Matrix
+        # N     -> Immutable Matrix
+        # 0     -> Bidiagonalized form
+        # 1,2,3 -> Bidiagonal_decomposition matrices
+        # 4     -> Product of 1 2 3
+        N1, N2, N3 = N.bidiagonal_decomposition()
+        M1, M2, M3 = M.bidiagonal_decomposition()
+        M0 = M.bidiagonalize()
+        N0 = N.bidiagonalize()
+
+        N4 = N1 * N2 * N3
+        M4 = M1 * M2 * M3
+
+        N2.simplify()
+        N4.simplify()
+        N0.simplify()
+
+        M0.simplify()
+        M2.simplify()
+        M4.simplify()
+
+        LM0 = M.bidiagonalize(upper=False)
+        LM1, LM2, LM3 = M.bidiagonal_decomposition(upper=False)
+        LN0 = N.bidiagonalize(upper=False)
+        LN1, LN2, LN3 = N.bidiagonal_decomposition(upper=False)
+
+        LN4 = LN1 * LN2 * LN3
+        LM4 = LM1 * LM2 * LM3
+
+        LN2.simplify()
+        LN4.simplify()
+        LN0.simplify()
+
+        LM0.simplify()
+        LM2.simplify()
+        LM4.simplify()
+
+        assert M == M4
+        assert M2 == M0
+        assert N == N4
+        assert N2 == N0
+        assert M == LM4
+        assert LM2 == LM0
+        assert N == LN4
+        assert LN2 == LN0
+
+    M = Matrix(18, 8, range(1, 145))
+    M = M.applyfunc(lambda i: Float(i))
+    assert M.bidiagonal_decomposition()[1] == M.bidiagonalize()
+    assert M.bidiagonal_decomposition(upper=False)[1] == M.bidiagonalize(upper=False)
+    a, b, c = M.bidiagonal_decomposition()
+    diff = a * b * c - M
+    assert abs(max(diff)) < 10**-12
+
+
+def test_diagonalize():
+    m = Matrix(2, 2, [0, -1, 1, 0])
+    raises(MatrixError, lambda: m.diagonalize(reals_only=True))
+    P, D = m.diagonalize()
+    assert D.is_diagonal()
+    assert D == Matrix([
+                 [-I, 0],
+                 [ 0, I]])
+
+    # make sure we use floats out if floats are passed in
+    m = Matrix(2, 2, [0, .5, .5, 0])
+    P, D = m.diagonalize()
+    assert all(isinstance(e, Float) for e in D.values())
+    assert all(isinstance(e, Float) for e in P.values())
+
+    _, D2 = m.diagonalize(reals_only=True)
+    assert D == D2
+
+    m = Matrix(
+        [[0, 1, 0, 0], [1, 0, 0, 0.002], [0.002, 0, 0, 1], [0, 0, 1, 0]])
+    P, D = m.diagonalize()
+    assert allclose(P*D, m*P)
+
+
+def test_is_diagonalizable():
+    a, b, c = symbols('a b c')
+    m = Matrix(2, 2, [a, c, c, b])
+    assert m.is_symmetric()
+    assert m.is_diagonalizable()
+    assert not Matrix(2, 2, [1, 1, 0, 1]).is_diagonalizable()
+
+    m = Matrix(2, 2, [0, -1, 1, 0])
+    assert m.is_diagonalizable()
+    assert not m.is_diagonalizable(reals_only=True)
+
+
+def test_jordan_form():
+    m = Matrix(3, 2, [-3, 1, -3, 20, 3, 10])
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda: m.jordan_form())
+
+    # the next two tests test the cases where the old
+    # algorithm failed due to the fact that the block structure can
+    # *NOT* be determined  from algebraic and geometric multiplicity alone
+    # This can be seen most easily when one lets compute the J.c.f. of a matrix that
+    # is in J.c.f already.
+    m = Matrix(4, 4, [2, 1, 0, 0,
+                    0, 2, 1, 0,
+                    0, 0, 2, 0,
+                    0, 0, 0, 2
+    ])
+    P, J = m.jordan_form()
+    assert m == J
+
+    m = Matrix(4, 4, [2, 1, 0, 0,
+                    0, 2, 0, 0,
+                    0, 0, 2, 1,
+                    0, 0, 0, 2
+    ])
+    P, J = m.jordan_form()
+    assert m == J
+
+    A = Matrix([[ 2,  4,  1,  0],
+                [-4,  2,  0,  1],
+                [ 0,  0,  2,  4],
+                [ 0,  0, -4,  2]])
+    P, J = A.jordan_form()
+    assert simplify(P*J*P.inv()) == A
+
+    assert Matrix(1, 1, [1]).jordan_form() == (Matrix([1]), Matrix([1]))
+    assert Matrix(1, 1, [1]).jordan_form(calc_transform=False) == Matrix([1])
+
+    # If we have eigenvalues in CRootOf form, raise errors
+    m = Matrix([[3, 0, 0, 0, -3], [0, -3, -3, 0, 3], [0, 3, 0, 3, 0], [0, 0, 3, 0, 3], [3, 0, 0, 3, 0]])
+    raises(MatrixError, lambda: m.jordan_form())
+
+    # make sure that if the input has floats, the output does too
+    m = Matrix([
+        [                0.6875, 0.125 + 0.1875*sqrt(3)],
+        [0.125 + 0.1875*sqrt(3),                 0.3125]])
+    P, J = m.jordan_form()
+    assert all(isinstance(x, Float) or x == 0 for x in P)
+    assert all(isinstance(x, Float) or x == 0 for x in J)
+
+
+def test_singular_values():
+    x = Symbol('x', real=True)
+
+    A = Matrix([[0, 1*I], [2, 0]])
+    # if singular values can be sorted, they should be in decreasing order
+    assert A.singular_values() == [2, 1]
+
+    A = eye(3)
+    A[1, 1] = x
+    A[2, 2] = 5
+    vals = A.singular_values()
+    # since Abs(x) cannot be sorted, test set equality
+    assert set(vals) == {5, 1, Abs(x)}
+
+    A = Matrix([[sin(x), cos(x)], [-cos(x), sin(x)]])
+    vals = [sv.trigsimp() for sv in A.singular_values()]
+    assert vals == [S.One, S.One]
+
+    A = Matrix([
+        [2, 4],
+        [1, 3],
+        [0, 0],
+        [0, 0]
+        ])
+    assert A.singular_values() == \
+        [sqrt(sqrt(221) + 15), sqrt(15 - sqrt(221))]
+    assert A.T.singular_values() == \
+        [sqrt(sqrt(221) + 15), sqrt(15 - sqrt(221)), 0, 0]
+
+def test___eq__():
+    assert (Matrix(
+        [[0, 1, 1],
+        [1, 0, 0],
+        [1, 1, 1]]) == {}) is False
+
+
+def test_definite():
+    # Examples from Gilbert Strang, "Introduction to Linear Algebra"
+    # Positive definite matrices
+    m = Matrix([[2, -1, 0], [-1, 2, -1], [0, -1, 2]])
+    assert m.is_positive_definite == True
+    assert m.is_positive_semidefinite == True
+    assert m.is_negative_definite == False
+    assert m.is_negative_semidefinite == False
+    assert m.is_indefinite == False
+
+    m = Matrix([[5, 4], [4, 5]])
+    assert m.is_positive_definite == True
+    assert m.is_positive_semidefinite == True
+    assert m.is_negative_definite == False
+    assert m.is_negative_semidefinite == False
+    assert m.is_indefinite == False
+
+    # Positive semidefinite matrices
+    m = Matrix([[2, -1, -1], [-1, 2, -1], [-1, -1, 2]])
+    assert m.is_positive_definite == False
+    assert m.is_positive_semidefinite == True
+    assert m.is_negative_definite == False
+    assert m.is_negative_semidefinite == False
+    assert m.is_indefinite == False
+
+    m = Matrix([[1, 2], [2, 4]])
+    assert m.is_positive_definite == False
+    assert m.is_positive_semidefinite == True
+    assert m.is_negative_definite == False
+    assert m.is_negative_semidefinite == False
+    assert m.is_indefinite == False
+
+    # Examples from Mathematica documentation
+    # Non-hermitian positive definite matrices
+    m = Matrix([[2, 3], [4, 8]])
+    assert m.is_positive_definite == True
+    assert m.is_positive_semidefinite == True
+    assert m.is_negative_definite == False
+    assert m.is_negative_semidefinite == False
+    assert m.is_indefinite == False
+
+    # Hermetian matrices
+    m = Matrix([[1, 2*I], [-I, 4]])
+    assert m.is_positive_definite == True
+    assert m.is_positive_semidefinite == True
+    assert m.is_negative_definite == False
+    assert m.is_negative_semidefinite == False
+    assert m.is_indefinite == False
+
+    # Symbolic matrices examples
+    a = Symbol('a', positive=True)
+    b = Symbol('b', negative=True)
+    m = Matrix([[a, 0, 0], [0, a, 0], [0, 0, a]])
+    assert m.is_positive_definite == True
+    assert m.is_positive_semidefinite == True
+    assert m.is_negative_definite == False
+    assert m.is_negative_semidefinite == False
+    assert m.is_indefinite == False
+
+    m = Matrix([[b, 0, 0], [0, b, 0], [0, 0, b]])
+    assert m.is_positive_definite == False
+    assert m.is_positive_semidefinite == False
+    assert m.is_negative_definite == True
+    assert m.is_negative_semidefinite == True
+    assert m.is_indefinite == False
+
+    m = Matrix([[a, 0], [0, b]])
+    assert m.is_positive_definite == False
+    assert m.is_positive_semidefinite == False
+    assert m.is_negative_definite == False
+    assert m.is_negative_semidefinite == False
+    assert m.is_indefinite == True
+
+    m = Matrix([
+        [0.0228202735623867, 0.00518748979085398,
+         -0.0743036351048907, -0.00709135324903921],
+        [0.00518748979085398, 0.0349045359786350,
+         0.0830317991056637, 0.00233147902806909],
+        [-0.0743036351048907, 0.0830317991056637,
+         1.15859676366277, 0.340359081555988],
+        [-0.00709135324903921, 0.00233147902806909,
+         0.340359081555988, 0.928147644848199]
+    ])
+    assert m.is_positive_definite == True
+    assert m.is_positive_semidefinite == True
+    assert m.is_indefinite == False
+
+    # test for issue 19547: https://github.com/sympy/sympy/issues/19547
+    m = Matrix([
+        [0, 0, 0],
+        [0, 1, 2],
+        [0, 2, 1]
+    ])
+    assert not m.is_positive_definite
+    assert not m.is_positive_semidefinite
+
+
+def test_positive_semidefinite_cholesky():
+    from sympy.matrices.eigen import _is_positive_semidefinite_cholesky
+
+    m = Matrix([[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]])
+    assert _is_positive_semidefinite_cholesky(m) == True
+    m = Matrix([[0, 0, 0], [0, 5, -10*I], [0, 10*I, 5]])
+    assert _is_positive_semidefinite_cholesky(m) == False
+    m = Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, -1]])
+    assert _is_positive_semidefinite_cholesky(m) == False
+    m = Matrix([[0, 1], [1, 0]])
+    assert _is_positive_semidefinite_cholesky(m) == False
+
+    # https://www.value-at-risk.net/cholesky-factorization/
+    m = Matrix([[4, -2, -6], [-2, 10, 9], [-6, 9, 14]])
+    assert _is_positive_semidefinite_cholesky(m) == True
+    m = Matrix([[9, -3, 3], [-3, 2, 1], [3, 1, 6]])
+    assert _is_positive_semidefinite_cholesky(m) == True
+    m = Matrix([[4, -2, 2], [-2, 1, -1], [2, -1, 5]])
+    assert _is_positive_semidefinite_cholesky(m) == True
+    m = Matrix([[1, 2, -1], [2, 5, 1], [-1, 1, 9]])
+    assert _is_positive_semidefinite_cholesky(m) == False
+
+
+def test_issue_20582():
+    A = Matrix([
+        [5, -5, -3, 2, -7],
+        [-2, -5, 0, 2, 1],
+        [-2, -7, -5, -2, -6],
+        [7, 10, 3, 9, -2],
+        [4, -10, 3, -8, -4]
+    ])
+    # XXX Used dry-run test because arbitrary symbol that appears in
+    # CRootOf may not be unique.
+    assert A.eigenvects()
+
+def test_issue_19210():
+    t = Symbol('t')
+    H = Matrix([[3, 0, 0, 0], [0, 1 , 2, 0], [0, 2, 2, 0], [0, 0, 0, 4]])
+    A = (-I * H * t).jordan_form()
+    assert A == (Matrix([
+                    [0, 1,                  0,                0],
+                    [0, 0, -4/(-1 + sqrt(17)), 4/(1 + sqrt(17))],
+                    [0, 0,                  1,                1],
+                    [1, 0,                  0,                0]]), Matrix([
+                    [-4*I*t,      0,                         0,                         0],
+                    [     0, -3*I*t,                         0,                         0],
+                    [     0,      0, t*(-3*I/2 + sqrt(17)*I/2),                         0],
+                    [     0,      0,                         0, t*(-sqrt(17)*I/2 - 3*I/2)]]))
+
+
+def test_issue_20275():
+    # XXX We use complex expansions because complex exponentials are not
+    # recognized by polys.domains
+    A = DFT(3).as_explicit().expand(complex=True)
+    eigenvects = A.eigenvects()
+    assert eigenvects[0] == (
+        -1, 1,
+        [Matrix([[1 - sqrt(3)], [1], [1]])]
+    )
+    assert eigenvects[1] == (
+        1, 1,
+        [Matrix([[1 + sqrt(3)], [1], [1]])]
+    )
+    assert eigenvects[2] == (
+        -I, 1,
+        [Matrix([[0], [-1], [1]])]
+    )
+
+    A = DFT(4).as_explicit().expand(complex=True)
+    eigenvects = A.eigenvects()
+    assert eigenvects[0] == (
+        -1, 1,
+        [Matrix([[-1], [1], [1], [1]])]
+    )
+    assert eigenvects[1] == (
+        1, 2,
+        [Matrix([[1], [0], [1], [0]]), Matrix([[2], [1], [0], [1]])]
+    )
+    assert eigenvects[2] == (
+        -I, 1,
+        [Matrix([[0], [-1], [0], [1]])]
+    )
+
+    # XXX We skip test for some parts of eigenvectors which are very
+    # complicated and fragile under expression tree changes
+    A = DFT(5).as_explicit().expand(complex=True)
+    eigenvects = A.eigenvects()
+    assert eigenvects[0] == (
+        -1, 1,
+        [Matrix([[1 - sqrt(5)], [1], [1], [1], [1]])]
+    )
+    assert eigenvects[1] == (
+        1, 2,
+        [Matrix([[S(1)/2 + sqrt(5)/2], [0], [1], [1], [0]]),
+         Matrix([[S(1)/2 + sqrt(5)/2], [1], [0], [0], [1]])]
+    )
+
+
+def test_issue_20752():
+    b = symbols('b', nonzero=True)
+    m = Matrix([[0, 0, 0], [0, b, 0], [0, 0, b]])
+    assert m.is_positive_semidefinite is None
+
+
+def test_issue_25282():
+    dd = sd = [0] * 11 + [1]
+    ds = [2, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0]
+    ss = ds.copy()
+    ss[8] = 2
+
+    def rotate(x, i):
+        return x[i:] + x[:i]
+
+    mat = []
+    for i in range(12):
+        mat.append(rotate(ss, i) + rotate(sd, i))
+    for i in range(12):
+        mat.append(rotate(ds, i) + rotate(dd, i))
+
+    assert sum(Matrix(mat).eigenvals().values()) == 24

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_graph.py

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+from sympy.combinatorics import Permutation
+from sympy.core.symbol import symbols
+from sympy.matrices import Matrix
+from sympy.matrices.expressions import (
+    PermutationMatrix, BlockDiagMatrix, BlockMatrix)
+
+
+def test_connected_components():
+    a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m = symbols('a:m')
+
+    M = Matrix([
+        [a, 0, 0, 0, b, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, c, 0, 0],
+        [0, d, 0, 0, 0, e, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, f, 0],
+        [0, 0, g, 0, 0, 0, h, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, i],
+        [0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        [m, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        [0, m, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        [0, 0, m, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        [j, 0, 0, 0, k, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, l, 0, 0],
+        [0, j, 0, 0, 0, k, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, l, 0],
+        [0, 0, j, 0, 0, 0, k, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, l],
+        [0, 0, 0, 0, d, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0],
+        [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, d, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
+        [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, d, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]])
+    cc = M.connected_components()
+    assert cc == [[0, 4, 7, 10], [1, 5, 8, 11], [2, 6, 9, 12], [3]]
+
+    P, B = M.connected_components_decomposition()
+    p = Permutation([0, 4, 7, 10, 1, 5, 8, 11, 2, 6, 9, 12, 3])
+    assert P == PermutationMatrix(p)
+
+    B0 = Matrix([
+        [a, b, 0, c],
+        [m, 1, 0, 0],
+        [j, k, 1, l],
+        [0, d, 0, 1]])
+    B1 = Matrix([
+        [d, e, 0, f],
+        [m, 1, 0, 0],
+        [j, k, 1, l],
+        [0, d, 0, 1]])
+    B2 = Matrix([
+        [g, h, 0, i],
+        [m, 1, 0, 0],
+        [j, k, 1, l],
+        [0, d, 0, 1]])
+    B3 = Matrix([[1]])
+    assert B == BlockDiagMatrix(B0, B1, B2, B3)
+
+
+def test_strongly_connected_components():
+    M = Matrix([
+        [11, 14, 10, 0, 15, 0],
+        [0, 44, 0, 0, 45, 0],
+        [1, 4, 0, 0, 5, 0],
+        [0, 0, 0, 22, 0, 23],
+        [0, 54, 0, 0, 55, 0],
+        [0, 0, 0, 32, 0, 33]])
+    scc = M.strongly_connected_components()
+    assert scc == [[1, 4], [0, 2], [3, 5]]
+
+    P, B = M.strongly_connected_components_decomposition()
+    p = Permutation([1, 4, 0, 2, 3, 5])
+    assert P == PermutationMatrix(p)
+    assert B == BlockMatrix([
+        [
+            Matrix([[44, 45], [54, 55]]),
+            Matrix.zeros(2, 2),
+            Matrix.zeros(2, 2)
+        ],
+        [
+            Matrix([[14, 15], [4, 5]]),
+            Matrix([[11, 10], [1, 0]]),
+            Matrix.zeros(2, 2)
+        ],
+        [
+            Matrix.zeros(2, 2),
+            Matrix.zeros(2, 2),
+            Matrix([[22, 23], [32, 33]])
+        ]
+    ])
+    P = P.as_explicit()
+    B = B.as_explicit()
+    assert P.T * B * P == M
+
+    P, B = M.strongly_connected_components_decomposition(lower=False)
+    p = Permutation([3, 5, 0, 2, 1, 4])
+    assert P == PermutationMatrix(p)
+    assert B == BlockMatrix([
+        [
+            Matrix([[22, 23], [32, 33]]),
+            Matrix.zeros(2, 2),
+            Matrix.zeros(2, 2)
+        ],
+        [
+            Matrix.zeros(2, 2),
+            Matrix([[11, 10], [1, 0]]),
+            Matrix([[14, 15], [4, 5]])
+        ],
+        [
+            Matrix.zeros(2, 2),
+            Matrix.zeros(2, 2),
+            Matrix([[44, 45], [54, 55]])
+        ]
+    ])
+    P = P.as_explicit()
+    B = B.as_explicit()
+    assert P.T * B * P == M

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_immutable.py

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+from itertools import product
+
+from sympy.core.relational import (Equality, Unequality)
+from sympy.core.singleton import S
+from sympy.core.sympify import sympify
+from sympy.integrals.integrals import integrate
+from sympy.matrices.dense import (Matrix, eye, zeros)
+from sympy.matrices.immutable import ImmutableMatrix
+from sympy.matrices import SparseMatrix
+from sympy.matrices.immutable import \
+    ImmutableDenseMatrix, ImmutableSparseMatrix
+from sympy.abc import x, y
+from sympy.testing.pytest import raises
+
+IM = ImmutableDenseMatrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
+ISM = ImmutableSparseMatrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
+ieye = ImmutableDenseMatrix(eye(3))
+
+
+def test_creation():
+    assert IM.shape == ISM.shape == (3, 3)
+    assert IM[1, 2] == ISM[1, 2] == 6
+    assert IM[2, 2] == ISM[2, 2] == 9
+
+
+def test_immutability():
+    with raises(TypeError):
+        IM[2, 2] = 5
+    with raises(TypeError):
+        ISM[2, 2] = 5
+
+
+def test_slicing():
+    assert IM[1, :] == ImmutableDenseMatrix([[4, 5, 6]])
+    assert IM[:2, :2] == ImmutableDenseMatrix([[1, 2], [4, 5]])
+    assert ISM[1, :] == ImmutableSparseMatrix([[4, 5, 6]])
+    assert ISM[:2, :2] == ImmutableSparseMatrix([[1, 2], [4, 5]])
+
+
+def test_subs():
+    A = ImmutableMatrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
+    B = ImmutableMatrix([[1, 2], [x, 4]])
+    C = ImmutableMatrix([[-x, x*y], [-(x + y), y**2]])
+    assert B.subs(x, 3) == A
+    assert (x*B).subs(x, 3) == 3*A
+    assert (x*eye(2) + B).subs(x, 3) == 3*eye(2) + A
+    assert C.subs([[x, -1], [y, -2]]) == A
+    assert C.subs([(x, -1), (y, -2)]) == A
+    assert C.subs({x: -1, y: -2}) == A
+    assert C.subs({x: y - 1, y: x - 1}, simultaneous=True) == \
+        ImmutableMatrix([[1 - y, (x - 1)*(y - 1)], [2 - x - y, (x - 1)**2]])
+
+
+def test_as_immutable():
+    data = [[1, 2], [3, 4]]
+    X = Matrix(data)
+    assert sympify(X) == X.as_immutable() == ImmutableMatrix(data)
+
+    data = {(0, 0): 1, (0, 1): 2, (1, 0): 3, (1, 1): 4}
+    X = SparseMatrix(2, 2, data)
+    assert sympify(X) == X.as_immutable() == ImmutableSparseMatrix(2, 2, data)
+
+
+def test_function_return_types():
+    # Lets ensure that decompositions of immutable matrices remain immutable
+    # I.e. do MatrixBase methods return the correct class?
+    X = ImmutableMatrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
+    Y = ImmutableMatrix([[1], [0]])
+    q, r = X.QRdecomposition()
+    assert (type(q), type(r)) == (ImmutableMatrix, ImmutableMatrix)
+
+    assert type(X.LUsolve(Y)) == ImmutableMatrix
+    assert type(X.QRsolve(Y)) == ImmutableMatrix
+
+    X = ImmutableMatrix([[5, 2], [2, 7]])
+    assert X.T == X
+    assert X.is_symmetric
+    assert type(X.cholesky()) == ImmutableMatrix
+    L, D = X.LDLdecomposition()
+    assert (type(L), type(D)) == (ImmutableMatrix, ImmutableMatrix)
+
+    X = ImmutableMatrix([[1, 2], [2, 1]])
+    assert X.is_diagonalizable()
+    assert X.det() == -3
+    assert X.norm(2) == 3
+
+    assert type(X.eigenvects()[0][2][0]) == ImmutableMatrix
+
+    assert type(zeros(3, 3).as_immutable().nullspace()[0]) == ImmutableMatrix
+
+    X = ImmutableMatrix([[1, 0], [2, 1]])
+    assert type(X.lower_triangular_solve(Y)) == ImmutableMatrix
+    assert type(X.T.upper_triangular_solve(Y)) == ImmutableMatrix
+
+    assert type(X.minor_submatrix(0, 0)) == ImmutableMatrix
+
+# issue 6279
+# https://github.com/sympy/sympy/issues/6279
+# Test that Immutable _op_ Immutable => Immutable and not MatExpr
+
+
+def test_immutable_evaluation():
+    X = ImmutableMatrix(eye(3))
+    A = ImmutableMatrix(3, 3, range(9))
+    assert isinstance(X + A, ImmutableMatrix)
+    assert isinstance(X * A, ImmutableMatrix)
+    assert isinstance(X * 2, ImmutableMatrix)
+    assert isinstance(2 * X, ImmutableMatrix)
+    assert isinstance(A**2, ImmutableMatrix)
+
+
+def test_deterimant():
+    assert ImmutableMatrix(4, 4, lambda i, j: i + j).det() == 0
+
+
+def test_Equality():
+    assert Equality(IM, IM) is S.true
+    assert Unequality(IM, IM) is S.false
+    assert Equality(IM, IM.subs(1, 2)) is S.false
+    assert Unequality(IM, IM.subs(1, 2)) is S.true
+    assert Equality(IM, 2) is S.false
+    assert Unequality(IM, 2) is S.true
+    M = ImmutableMatrix([x, y])
+    assert Equality(M, IM) is S.false
+    assert Unequality(M, IM) is S.true
+    assert Equality(M, M.subs(x, 2)).subs(x, 2) is S.true
+    assert Unequality(M, M.subs(x, 2)).subs(x, 2) is S.false
+    assert Equality(M, M.subs(x, 2)).subs(x, 3) is S.false
+    assert Unequality(M, M.subs(x, 2)).subs(x, 3) is S.true
+
+
+def test_integrate():
+    intIM = integrate(IM, x)
+    assert intIM.shape == IM.shape
+    assert all(intIM[i, j] == (1 + j + 3*i)*x for i, j in
+                product(range(3), range(3)))

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_interactions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+"""
+We have a few different kind of Matrices
+Matrix, ImmutableMatrix, MatrixExpr
+
+Here we test the extent to which they cooperate
+"""
+
+from sympy.core.symbol import symbols
+from sympy.matrices import (Matrix, MatrixSymbol, eye, Identity,
+        ImmutableMatrix)
+from sympy.matrices.expressions import MatrixExpr, MatAdd
+from sympy.matrices.matrixbase import classof
+from sympy.testing.pytest import raises
+
+SM = MatrixSymbol('X', 3, 3)
+SV = MatrixSymbol('v', 3, 1)
+MM = Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
+IM = ImmutableMatrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
+meye = eye(3)
+imeye = ImmutableMatrix(eye(3))
+ideye = Identity(3)
+a, b, c = symbols('a,b,c')
+
+
+def test_IM_MM():
+    assert isinstance(MM + IM, ImmutableMatrix)
+    assert isinstance(IM + MM, ImmutableMatrix)
+    assert isinstance(2*IM + MM, ImmutableMatrix)
+    assert MM.equals(IM)
+
+
+def test_ME_MM():
+    assert isinstance(Identity(3) + MM, MatrixExpr)
+    assert isinstance(SM + MM, MatAdd)
+    assert isinstance(MM + SM, MatAdd)
+    assert (Identity(3) + MM)[1, 1] == 6
+
+
+def test_equality():
+    a, b, c = Identity(3), eye(3), ImmutableMatrix(eye(3))
+    for x in [a, b, c]:
+        for y in [a, b, c]:
+            assert x.equals(y)
+
+
+def test_matrix_symbol_MM():
+    X = MatrixSymbol('X', 3, 3)
+    Y = eye(3) + X
+    assert Y[1, 1] == 1 + X[1, 1]
+
+
+def test_matrix_symbol_vector_matrix_multiplication():
+    A = MM * SV
+    B = IM * SV
+    assert A == B
+    C = (SV.T * MM.T).T
+    assert B == C
+    D = (SV.T * IM.T).T
+    assert C == D
+
+
+def test_indexing_interactions():
+    assert (a * IM)[1, 1] == 5*a
+    assert (SM + IM)[1, 1] == SM[1, 1] + IM[1, 1]
+    assert (SM * IM)[1, 1] == SM[1, 0]*IM[0, 1] + SM[1, 1]*IM[1, 1] + \
+        SM[1, 2]*IM[2, 1]
+
+
+def test_classof():
+    A = Matrix(3, 3, range(9))
+    B = ImmutableMatrix(3, 3, range(9))
+    C = MatrixSymbol('C', 3, 3)
+    assert classof(A, A) == Matrix
+    assert classof(B, B) == ImmutableMatrix
+    assert classof(A, B) == ImmutableMatrix
+    assert classof(B, A) == ImmutableMatrix
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: classof(A, C))

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_normalforms.py

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+from sympy.testing.pytest import warns_deprecated_sympy
+
+from sympy.core.symbol import Symbol
+from sympy.polys.polytools import Poly
+from sympy.matrices import Matrix, randMatrix
+from sympy.matrices.normalforms import (
+    invariant_factors,
+    smith_normal_form,
+    smith_normal_decomp,
+    hermite_normal_form,
+    is_smith_normal_form,
+)
+from sympy.polys.domains import ZZ, QQ
+from sympy.core.numbers import Integer
+
+import random
+
+
+def test_smith_normal():
+    m = Matrix([[12,6,4,8],[3,9,6,12],[2,16,14,28],[20,10,10,20]])
+    smf = Matrix([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 10, 0, 0], [0, 0, 30, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]])
+    assert smith_normal_form(m) == smf
+
+    a, s, t = smith_normal_decomp(m)
+    assert a == s * m * t
+
+    x = Symbol('x')
+    with warns_deprecated_sympy():
+        m = Matrix([[Poly(x-1), Poly(1, x),Poly(-1,x)],
+                    [0, Poly(x), Poly(-1,x)],
+                    [Poly(0,x),Poly(-1,x),Poly(x)]])
+    invs = 1, x - 1, x**2 - 1
+    assert invariant_factors(m, domain=QQ[x]) == invs
+
+    m = Matrix([[2, 4]])
+    smf = Matrix([[2, 0]])
+    assert smith_normal_form(m) == smf
+
+    prng = random.Random(0)
+    for i in range(6):
+        for j in range(6):
+            for _ in range(10 if i*j else 1):
+                m = randMatrix(i, j, max=5, percent=50, prng=prng)
+                a, s, t = smith_normal_decomp(m)
+                assert a == s * m * t
+                assert is_smith_normal_form(a)
+                s.inv().to_DM(ZZ)
+                t.inv().to_DM(ZZ)
+
+                a, s, t = smith_normal_decomp(m, QQ)
+                assert a == s * m * t
+                assert is_smith_normal_form(a)
+                s.inv()
+                t.inv()
+
+
+def test_smith_normal_deprecated():
+    from sympy.polys.solvers import RawMatrix as Matrix
+
+    with warns_deprecated_sympy():
+        m = Matrix([[12, 6, 4,8],[3,9,6,12],[2,16,14,28],[20,10,10,20]])
+    setattr(m, 'ring', ZZ)
+    with warns_deprecated_sympy():
+        smf = Matrix([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 10, 0, 0], [0, 0, 30, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]])
+    assert smith_normal_form(m) == smf
+
+    x = Symbol('x')
+    with warns_deprecated_sympy():
+        m = Matrix([[Poly(x-1), Poly(1, x),Poly(-1,x)],
+                    [0, Poly(x), Poly(-1,x)],
+                    [Poly(0,x),Poly(-1,x),Poly(x)]])
+    setattr(m, 'ring', QQ[x])
+    invs = (Poly(1, x, domain='QQ'), Poly(x - 1, domain='QQ'), Poly(x**2 - 1, domain='QQ'))
+    assert invariant_factors(m) == invs
+
+    with warns_deprecated_sympy():
+        m = Matrix([[2, 4]])
+    setattr(m, 'ring', ZZ)
+    with warns_deprecated_sympy():
+        smf = Matrix([[2, 0]])
+    assert smith_normal_form(m) == smf
+
+
+def test_hermite_normal():
+    m = Matrix([[2, 7, 17, 29, 41], [3, 11, 19, 31, 43], [5, 13, 23, 37, 47]])
+    hnf = Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [0, 2, 1], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert hermite_normal_form(m) == hnf
+
+    tr_hnf = Matrix([[37, 0, 19], [222, -6, 113], [48, 0, 25], [0, 2, 1], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert hermite_normal_form(m.transpose()) == tr_hnf
+
+    m = Matrix([[8, 28, 68, 116, 164], [3, 11, 19, 31, 43], [5, 13, 23, 37, 47]])
+    hnf = Matrix([[4, 0, 0], [0, 2, 1], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert hermite_normal_form(m) == hnf
+    assert hermite_normal_form(m, D=8) == hnf
+    assert hermite_normal_form(m, D=ZZ(8)) == hnf
+    assert hermite_normal_form(m, D=Integer(8)) == hnf
+
+    m = Matrix([[10, 8, 6, 30, 2], [45, 36, 27, 18, 9], [5, 4, 3, 2, 1]])
+    hnf = Matrix([[26, 2], [0, 9], [0, 1]])
+    assert hermite_normal_form(m) == hnf
+
+    m = Matrix([[2, 7], [0, 0], [0, 0]])
+    hnf = Matrix([[1], [0], [0]])
+    assert hermite_normal_form(m) == hnf
+
+
+def test_issue_23410():
+    A = Matrix([[1, 12], [0, 8], [0, 5]])
+    H = Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 8], [0, 5]])
+    assert hermite_normal_form(A) == H

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_reductions.py

@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+from sympy.core.numbers import I
+from sympy.core.symbol import symbols
+from sympy.testing.pytest import raises
+from sympy.matrices import Matrix, zeros, eye
+from sympy.core.symbol import Symbol
+from sympy.core.numbers import Rational
+from sympy.functions.elementary.miscellaneous import sqrt
+from sympy.simplify.simplify import simplify
+from sympy.abc import x
+
+
+# Matrix tests
+def test_row_op():
+    e = eye(3)
+
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op("abc"))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op())
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op('n->kn', row=5, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op('n->kn', row=-5, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op('n<->m', row1=1, row2=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op('n<->m', row1=5, row2=1))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op('n<->m', row1=-5, row2=1))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op('n<->m', row1=1, row2=-5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op('n->n+km', row1=1, row2=5, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op('n->n+km', row1=5, row2=1, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op('n->n+km', row1=-5, row2=1, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op('n->n+km', row1=1, row2=-5, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_row_op('n->n+km', row1=1, row2=1, k=5))
+
+    # test various ways to set arguments
+    assert e.elementary_row_op("n->kn", 0, 5) == Matrix([[5, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_row_op("n->kn", 1, 5) == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [0, 5, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_row_op("n->kn", row=1, k=5) == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [0, 5, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_row_op("n->kn", row1=1, k=5) == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [0, 5, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_row_op("n<->m", 0, 1) == Matrix([[0, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_row_op("n<->m", row1=0, row2=1) == Matrix([[0, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_row_op("n<->m", row=0, row2=1) == Matrix([[0, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_row_op("n->n+km", 0, 5, 1) == Matrix([[1, 5, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_row_op("n->n+km", row=0, k=5, row2=1) == Matrix([[1, 5, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_row_op("n->n+km", row1=0, k=5, row2=1) == Matrix([[1, 5, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+
+    # make sure the matrix doesn't change size
+    a = Matrix(2, 3, [0]*6)
+    assert a.elementary_row_op("n->kn", 1, 5) == Matrix(2, 3, [0]*6)
+    assert a.elementary_row_op("n<->m", 0, 1) == Matrix(2, 3, [0]*6)
+    assert a.elementary_row_op("n->n+km", 0, 5, 1) == Matrix(2, 3, [0]*6)
+
+
+def test_col_op():
+    e = eye(3)
+
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op("abc"))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op())
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op('n->kn', col=5, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op('n->kn', col=-5, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op('n<->m', col1=1, col2=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op('n<->m', col1=5, col2=1))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op('n<->m', col1=-5, col2=1))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op('n<->m', col1=1, col2=-5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op('n->n+km', col1=1, col2=5, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op('n->n+km', col1=5, col2=1, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op('n->n+km', col1=-5, col2=1, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op('n->n+km', col1=1, col2=-5, k=5))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: e.elementary_col_op('n->n+km', col1=1, col2=1, k=5))
+
+    # test various ways to set arguments
+    assert e.elementary_col_op("n->kn", 0, 5) == Matrix([[5, 0, 0], [0, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_col_op("n->kn", 1, 5) == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [0, 5, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_col_op("n->kn", col=1, k=5) == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [0, 5, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_col_op("n->kn", col1=1, k=5) == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [0, 5, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_col_op("n<->m", 0, 1) == Matrix([[0, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_col_op("n<->m", col1=0, col2=1) == Matrix([[0, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_col_op("n<->m", col=0, col2=1) == Matrix([[0, 1, 0], [1, 0, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_col_op("n->n+km", 0, 5, 1) == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [5, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_col_op("n->n+km", col=0, k=5, col2=1) == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [5, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert e.elementary_col_op("n->n+km", col1=0, k=5, col2=1) == Matrix([[1, 0, 0], [5, 1, 0], [0, 0, 1]])
+
+    # make sure the matrix doesn't change size
+    a = Matrix(2, 3, [0]*6)
+    assert a.elementary_col_op("n->kn", 1, 5) == Matrix(2, 3, [0]*6)
+    assert a.elementary_col_op("n<->m", 0, 1) == Matrix(2, 3, [0]*6)
+    assert a.elementary_col_op("n->n+km", 0, 5, 1) == Matrix(2, 3, [0]*6)
+
+
+def test_is_echelon():
+    zro = zeros(3)
+    ident = eye(3)
+
+    assert zro.is_echelon
+    assert ident.is_echelon
+
+    a = Matrix(0, 0, [])
+    assert a.is_echelon
+
+    a = Matrix(2, 3, [3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 6])
+    assert a.is_echelon
+
+    a = Matrix(2, 3, [0, 0, 6, 3, 2, 1])
+    assert not a.is_echelon
+
+    x = Symbol('x')
+    a = Matrix(3, 1, [x, 0, 0])
+    assert a.is_echelon
+
+    a = Matrix(3, 1, [x, x, 0])
+    assert not a.is_echelon
+
+    a = Matrix(3, 3, [0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0])
+    assert not a.is_echelon
+
+
+def test_echelon_form():
+    # echelon form is not unique, but the result
+    # must be row-equivalent to the original matrix
+    # and it must be in echelon form.
+
+    a = zeros(3)
+    e = eye(3)
+
+    # we can assume the zero matrix and the identity matrix shouldn't change
+    assert a.echelon_form() == a
+    assert e.echelon_form() == e
+
+    a = Matrix(0, 0, [])
+    assert a.echelon_form() == a
+
+    a = Matrix(1, 1, [5])
+    assert a.echelon_form() == a
+
+    # now we get to the real tests
+
+    def verify_row_null_space(mat, rows, nulls):
+        for v in nulls:
+            assert all(t.is_zero for t in a_echelon*v)
+        for v in rows:
+            if not all(t.is_zero for t in v):
+                assert not all(t.is_zero for t in a_echelon*v.transpose())
+
+    a = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
+    nulls = [Matrix([
+                     [ 1],
+                     [-2],
+                     [ 1]])]
+    rows = [a[i, :] for i in range(a.rows)]
+    a_echelon = a.echelon_form()
+    assert a_echelon.is_echelon
+    verify_row_null_space(a, rows, nulls)
+
+
+    a = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8])
+    nulls = []
+    rows = [a[i, :] for i in range(a.rows)]
+    a_echelon = a.echelon_form()
+    assert a_echelon.is_echelon
+    verify_row_null_space(a, rows, nulls)
+
+    a = Matrix(3, 3, [2, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 3])
+    nulls = [Matrix([
+             [Rational(-1, 2)],
+             [   1],
+             [   0]]),
+             Matrix([
+             [Rational(-3, 2)],
+             [   0],
+             [   1]])]
+    rows = [a[i, :] for i in range(a.rows)]
+    a_echelon = a.echelon_form()
+    assert a_echelon.is_echelon
+    verify_row_null_space(a, rows, nulls)
+
+    # this one requires a row swap
+    a = Matrix(3, 3, [2, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 3])
+    nulls = [Matrix([
+             [   0],
+             [  -3],
+             [   1]])]
+    rows = [a[i, :] for i in range(a.rows)]
+    a_echelon = a.echelon_form()
+    assert a_echelon.is_echelon
+    verify_row_null_space(a, rows, nulls)
+
+    a = Matrix(3, 3, [0, 3, 3, 0, 2, 2, 0, 1, 1])
+    nulls = [Matrix([
+             [1],
+             [0],
+             [0]]),
+             Matrix([
+             [ 0],
+             [-1],
+             [ 1]])]
+    rows = [a[i, :] for i in range(a.rows)]
+    a_echelon = a.echelon_form()
+    assert a_echelon.is_echelon
+    verify_row_null_space(a, rows, nulls)
+
+    a = Matrix(2, 3, [2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 0])
+    nulls = [Matrix([
+             [-1],
+             [1],
+             [0]])]
+    rows = [a[i, :] for i in range(a.rows)]
+    a_echelon = a.echelon_form()
+    assert a_echelon.is_echelon
+    verify_row_null_space(a, rows, nulls)
+
+
+def test_rref():
+    e = Matrix(0, 0, [])
+    assert e.rref(pivots=False) == e
+
+    e = Matrix(1, 1, [1])
+    a = Matrix(1, 1, [5])
+    assert e.rref(pivots=False) == a.rref(pivots=False) == e
+
+    a = Matrix(3, 1, [1, 2, 3])
+    assert a.rref(pivots=False) == Matrix([[1], [0], [0]])
+
+    a = Matrix(1, 3, [1, 2, 3])
+    assert a.rref(pivots=False) == Matrix([[1, 2, 3]])
+
+    a = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
+    assert a.rref(pivots=False) == Matrix([
+                                     [1, 0, -1],
+                                     [0, 1,  2],
+                                     [0, 0,  0]])
+
+    a = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3])
+    b = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
+    c = Matrix(3, 3, [0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 0, 0])
+    d = Matrix(3, 3, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 3])
+    assert a.rref(pivots=False) == \
+            b.rref(pivots=False) == \
+            c.rref(pivots=False) == \
+            d.rref(pivots=False) == b
+
+    e = eye(3)
+    z = zeros(3)
+    assert e.rref(pivots=False) == e
+    assert z.rref(pivots=False) == z
+
+    a = Matrix([
+            [ 0, 0,  1,  2,  2, -5,  3],
+            [-1, 5,  2,  2,  1, -7,  5],
+            [ 0, 0, -2, -3, -3,  8, -5],
+            [-1, 5,  0, -1, -2,  1,  0]])
+    mat, pivot_offsets = a.rref()
+    assert mat == Matrix([
+                     [1, -5, 0, 0, 1,  1, -1],
+                     [0,  0, 1, 0, 0, -1,  1],
+                     [0,  0, 0, 1, 1, -2,  1],
+                     [0,  0, 0, 0, 0,  0,  0]])
+    assert pivot_offsets == (0, 2, 3)
+
+    a = Matrix([[Rational(1, 19),  Rational(1, 5),    2,    3],
+                        [   4,    5,    6,    7],
+                        [   8,    9,   10,   11],
+                        [  12,   13,   14,   15]])
+    assert a.rref(pivots=False) == Matrix([
+                                         [1, 0, 0, Rational(-76, 157)],
+                                         [0, 1, 0,  Rational(-5, 157)],
+                                         [0, 0, 1, Rational(238, 157)],
+                                         [0, 0, 0,       0]])
+
+    x = Symbol('x')
+    a = Matrix(2, 3, [x, 1, 1, sqrt(x), x, 1])
+    for i, j in zip(a.rref(pivots=False),
+            [1, 0, sqrt(x)*(-x + 1)/(-x**Rational(5, 2) + x),
+                0, 1, 1/(sqrt(x) + x + 1)]):
+        assert simplify(i - j).is_zero
+
+
+def test_rref_rhs():
+    a, b, c, d = symbols('a b c d')
+    A = Matrix([[0, 0], [0, 0], [1, 2], [3, 4]])
+    B = Matrix([a, b, c, d])
+    assert A.rref_rhs(B) == (Matrix([
+    [1, 0],
+    [0, 1],
+    [0, 0],
+    [0, 0]]), Matrix([
+    [   -2*c + d],
+    [3*c/2 - d/2],
+    [          a],
+    [          b]]))
+
+
+def test_issue_17827():
+    C = Matrix([
+        [3, 4, -1, 1],
+        [9, 12, -3, 3],
+        [0, 2, 1, 3],
+        [2, 3, 0, -2],
+        [0, 3, 3, -5],
+        [8, 15, 0, 6]
+    ])
+    # Tests for row/col within valid range
+    D = C.elementary_row_op('n<->m', row1=2, row2=5)
+    E = C.elementary_row_op('n->n+km', row1=5, row2=3, k=-4)
+    F = C.elementary_row_op('n->kn', row=5, k=2)
+    assert(D[5, :] == Matrix([[0, 2, 1, 3]]))
+    assert(E[5, :] == Matrix([[0, 3, 0, 14]]))
+    assert(F[5, :] == Matrix([[16, 30, 0, 12]]))
+    # Tests for row/col out of range
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: C.elementary_row_op('n<->m', row1=2, row2=6))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: C.elementary_row_op('n->kn', row=7, k=2))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: C.elementary_row_op('n->n+km', row1=-1, row2=5, k=2))
+
+def test_rank():
+    m = Matrix([[1, 2], [x, 1 - 1/x]])
+    assert m.rank() == 2
+    n = Matrix(3, 3, range(1, 10))
+    assert n.rank() == 2
+    p = zeros(3)
+    assert p.rank() == 0
+
+def test_issue_11434():
+    ax, ay, bx, by, cx, cy, dx, dy, ex, ey, t0, t1 = \
+        symbols('a_x a_y b_x b_y c_x c_y d_x d_y e_x e_y t_0 t_1')
+    M = Matrix([[ax, ay, ax*t0, ay*t0, 0],
+                [bx, by, bx*t0, by*t0, 0],
+                [cx, cy, cx*t0, cy*t0, 1],
+                [dx, dy, dx*t0, dy*t0, 1],
+                [ex, ey, 2*ex*t1 - ex*t0, 2*ey*t1 - ey*t0, 0]])
+    assert M.rank() == 4
+
+def test_rank_regression_from_so():
+    # see:
+    # https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19072700/why-does-sympy-give-me-the-wrong-answer-when-i-row-reduce-a-symbolic-matrix
+
+    nu, lamb = symbols('nu, lambda')
+    A = Matrix([[-3*nu,         1,                  0,  0],
+                [ 3*nu, -2*nu - 1,                  2,  0],
+                [    0,      2*nu, (-1*nu) - lamb - 2,  3],
+                [    0,         0,          nu + lamb, -3]])
+    expected_reduced = Matrix([[1, 0, 0, 1/(nu**2*(-lamb - nu))],
+                               [0, 1, 0,    3/(nu*(-lamb - nu))],
+                               [0, 0, 1,         3/(-lamb - nu)],
+                               [0, 0, 0,                      0]])
+    expected_pivots = (0, 1, 2)
+
+    reduced, pivots = A.rref()
+
+    assert simplify(expected_reduced - reduced) == zeros(*A.shape)
+    assert pivots == expected_pivots
+
+def test_issue_15872():
+    A = Matrix([[1, 1, 1, 0], [-2, -1, 0, -1], [0, 0, -1, -1], [0, 0, 2, 1]])
+    B = A - Matrix.eye(4) * I
+    assert B.rank() == 3
+    assert (B**2).rank() == 2
+    assert (B**3).rank() == 2

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_repmatrix.py

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+from sympy.testing.pytest import raises
+from sympy.matrices.exceptions import NonSquareMatrixError, NonInvertibleMatrixError
+
+from sympy import Matrix, Rational
+
+
+def test_lll():
+    A = Matrix([[1, 0, 0, 0, -20160],
+                [0, 1, 0, 0, 33768],
+                [0, 0, 1, 0, 39578],
+                [0, 0, 0, 1, 47757]])
+    L = Matrix([[ 10, -3,  -2,  8,  -4],
+                [  3, -9,   8,  1, -11],
+                [ -3, 13,  -9, -3,  -9],
+                [-12, -7, -11,  9,  -1]])
+    T = Matrix([[ 10, -3,  -2,  8],
+                [  3, -9,   8,  1],
+                [ -3, 13,  -9, -3],
+                [-12, -7, -11,  9]])
+    assert A.lll() == L
+    assert A.lll_transform() == (L, T)
+    assert T * A == L
+
+
+def test_matrix_inv_mod():
+    A = Matrix(2, 1, [1, 0])
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda: A.inv_mod(2))
+    A = Matrix(2, 2, [1, 0, 0, 0])
+    raises(NonInvertibleMatrixError, lambda: A.inv_mod(2))
+    A = Matrix(2, 2, [1, 2, 3, 4])
+    Ai = Matrix(2, 2, [1, 1, 0, 1])
+    assert A.inv_mod(3) == Ai
+    A = Matrix(2, 2, [1, 0, 0, 1])
+    assert A.inv_mod(2) == A
+    A = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])
+    raises(NonInvertibleMatrixError, lambda: A.inv_mod(5))
+    A = Matrix(3, 3, [5, 1, 3, 2, 6, 0, 2, 1, 1])
+    Ai = Matrix(3, 3, [6, 8, 0, 1, 5, 6, 5, 6, 4])
+    assert A.inv_mod(9) == Ai
+    A = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 6, -3, 4, 1, -5, 3, -5, 5])
+    Ai = Matrix(3, 3, [4, 3, 3, 1, 2, 5, 1, 5, 1])
+    assert A.inv_mod(6) == Ai
+    A = Matrix(3, 3, [1, 6, 1, 4, 1, 5, 3, 2, 5])
+    Ai = Matrix(3, 3, [6, 0, 3, 6, 6, 4, 1, 6, 1])
+    assert A.inv_mod(7) == Ai
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2], [3, Rational(3,4)]])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: A.inv_mod(2))
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: A.inv_mod(Rational(1, 2)))
+    # https://github.com/sympy/sympy/issues/27663
+    M = Matrix([
+        [2, 3, 1, 4],
+        [1, 5, 3, 2],
+        [3, 2, 4, 1],
+        [4, 1, 2, 5],
+    ])
+    assert M.inv_mod(26) == Matrix([
+        [7, 21, 10, 10],
+        [1, 7, 19, 3],
+        [14, 1, 15, 1],
+        [25, 23, 3, 12],
+    ])

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_solvers.py

@@ -0,0 +1,615 @@
+import pytest
+from sympy.core.function import expand_mul
+from sympy.core.numbers import (I, Rational)
+from sympy.core.singleton import S
+from sympy.core.symbol import (Symbol, symbols)
+from sympy.core.sympify import sympify
+from sympy.simplify.simplify import simplify
+from sympy.matrices.exceptions import (ShapeError, NonSquareMatrixError)
+from sympy.matrices import (
+    ImmutableMatrix, Matrix, eye, ones, ImmutableDenseMatrix, dotprodsimp)
+from sympy.matrices.determinant import _det_laplace
+from sympy.testing.pytest import raises
+from sympy.matrices.exceptions import NonInvertibleMatrixError
+from sympy.polys.matrices.exceptions import DMShapeError
+from sympy.solvers.solveset import linsolve
+from sympy.abc import x, y
+
+def test_issue_17247_expression_blowup_29():
+    M = Matrix(S('''[
+        [             -3/4,       45/32 - 37*I/16,                   0,                     0],
+        [-149/64 + 49*I/32, -177/128 - 1369*I/128,                   0, -2063/256 + 541*I/128],
+        [                0,         9/4 + 55*I/16, 2473/256 + 137*I/64,                     0],
+        [                0,                     0,                   0, -177/128 - 1369*I/128]]'''))
+    with dotprodsimp(True):
+        assert M.gauss_jordan_solve(ones(4, 1)) == (Matrix(S('''[
+            [                          -32549314808672/3306971225785 - 17397006745216*I/3306971225785],
+            [                               67439348256/3306971225785 - 9167503335872*I/3306971225785],
+            [-15091965363354518272/21217636514687010905 + 16890163109293858304*I/21217636514687010905],
+            [                                                          -11328/952745 + 87616*I/952745]]''')), Matrix(0, 1, []))
+
+def test_issue_17247_expression_blowup_30():
+    M = Matrix(S('''[
+        [             -3/4,       45/32 - 37*I/16,                   0,                     0],
+        [-149/64 + 49*I/32, -177/128 - 1369*I/128,                   0, -2063/256 + 541*I/128],
+        [                0,         9/4 + 55*I/16, 2473/256 + 137*I/64,                     0],
+        [                0,                     0,                   0, -177/128 - 1369*I/128]]'''))
+    with dotprodsimp(True):
+        assert M.cholesky_solve(ones(4, 1)) == Matrix(S('''[
+            [                          -32549314808672/3306971225785 - 17397006745216*I/3306971225785],
+            [                               67439348256/3306971225785 - 9167503335872*I/3306971225785],
+            [-15091965363354518272/21217636514687010905 + 16890163109293858304*I/21217636514687010905],
+            [                                                          -11328/952745 + 87616*I/952745]]'''))
+
+# @XFAIL # This calculation hangs with dotprodsimp.
+# def test_issue_17247_expression_blowup_31():
+#     M = Matrix([
+#         [x + 1, 1 - x,     0,     0],
+#         [1 - x, x + 1,     0, x + 1],
+#         [    0, 1 - x, x + 1,     0],
+#         [    0,     0,     0, x + 1]])
+#     with dotprodsimp(True):
+#         assert M.LDLsolve(ones(4, 1)) == Matrix([
+#             [(x + 1)/(4*x)],
+#             [(x - 1)/(4*x)],
+#             [(x + 1)/(4*x)],
+#             [    1/(x + 1)]])
+
+
+def test_LUsolve_iszerofunc():
+    # taken from https://github.com/sympy/sympy/issues/24679
+
+    M = Matrix([[(x + 1)**2 - (x**2 + 2*x + 1), x], [x, 0]])
+    b = Matrix([1, 1])
+    is_zero_func = lambda e: False if e._random() else True
+
+    x_exp = Matrix([1/x, (1-(-x**2 - 2*x + (x+1)**2 - 1)/x)/x])
+
+    assert (x_exp - M.LUsolve(b, iszerofunc=is_zero_func)) == Matrix([0, 0])
+
+
+def test_issue_17247_expression_blowup_32():
+    M = Matrix([
+        [x + 1, 1 - x,     0,     0],
+        [1 - x, x + 1,     0, x + 1],
+        [    0, 1 - x, x + 1,     0],
+        [    0,     0,     0, x + 1]])
+    with dotprodsimp(True):
+        assert M.LUsolve(ones(4, 1)) == Matrix([
+            [(x + 1)/(4*x)],
+            [(x - 1)/(4*x)],
+            [(x + 1)/(4*x)],
+            [    1/(x + 1)]])
+
+def test_LUsolve():
+    A = Matrix([[2, 3, 5],
+                [3, 6, 2],
+                [8, 3, 6]])
+    x = Matrix(3, 1, [3, 7, 5])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.LUsolve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+    A = Matrix([[0, -1, 2],
+                [5, 10, 7],
+                [8,  3, 4]])
+    x = Matrix(3, 1, [-1, 2, 5])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.LUsolve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+    A = Matrix([[2, 1], [1, 0], [1, 0]])   # issue 14548
+    b = Matrix([3, 1, 1])
+    assert A.LUsolve(b) == Matrix([1, 1])
+    b = Matrix([3, 1, 2])                  # inconsistent
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: A.LUsolve(b))
+    A = Matrix([[0, -1, 2],
+                [5, 10, 7],
+                [8,  3, 4],
+                [2, 3, 5],
+                [3, 6, 2],
+                [8, 3, 6]])
+    x = Matrix([2, 1, -4])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.LUsolve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+    A = Matrix([[0, -1, 2], [5, 10, 7]])  # underdetermined
+    x = Matrix([-1, 2, 0])
+    b = A*x
+    raises(NotImplementedError, lambda: A.LUsolve(b))
+
+    A = Matrix(4, 4, lambda i, j: 1/(i+j+1) if i != 3 else 0)
+    b = Matrix.zeros(4, 1)
+    raises(NonInvertibleMatrixError, lambda: A.LUsolve(b))
+
+
+def test_LUsolve_noncommutative():
+    a0, a1, a2, a3 = symbols("a:4", commutative=False)
+    b0, b1 = symbols("b:2", commutative=False)
+    A = Matrix([[a0, a1], [a2, a3]])
+    check = A * A.LUsolve(Matrix([b0, b1]))
+    assert check[0, 0].expand() == b0
+    # Because sympy simplification is very limited with noncommutative expressions,
+    # perform an explicit check with the second element
+    assert check[1, 0] == (
+        a2*a0**(-1)*(-a1*(-a2*a0**(-1)*a1 + a3)**(-1)*(-a2*a0**(-1)*b0 + b1) + b0)
+        + a3*(-a2*a0**(-1)*a1 + a3)**(-1)*(-a2*a0**(-1)*b0 + b1)
+    )
+
+
+def test_QRsolve():
+    A = Matrix([[2, 3, 5],
+                [3, 6, 2],
+                [8, 3, 6]])
+    x = Matrix(3, 1, [3, 7, 5])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.QRsolve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+    x = Matrix([[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.QRsolve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+
+    A = Matrix([[0, -1, 2],
+                [5, 10, 7],
+                [8,  3, 4]])
+    x = Matrix(3, 1, [-1, 2, 5])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.QRsolve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+    x = Matrix([[7, 8], [9, 10], [11, 12]])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.QRsolve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+
+def test_errors():
+    raises(ShapeError, lambda: Matrix([1]).LUsolve(Matrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])))
+
+def test_cholesky_solve():
+    A = Matrix([[2, 3, 5],
+                [3, 6, 2],
+                [8, 3, 6]])
+    x = Matrix(3, 1, [3, 7, 5])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.cholesky_solve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+    A = Matrix([[0, -1, 2],
+                [5, 10, 7],
+                [8,  3, 4]])
+    x = Matrix(3, 1, [-1, 2, 5])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.cholesky_solve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+    A = Matrix(((1, 5), (5, 1)))
+    x = Matrix((4, -3))
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.cholesky_solve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+    A = Matrix(((9, 3*I), (-3*I, 5)))
+    x = Matrix((-2, 1))
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.cholesky_solve(b)
+    assert expand_mul(soln) == x
+    A = Matrix(((9*I, 3), (-3 + I, 5)))
+    x = Matrix((2 + 3*I, -1))
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.cholesky_solve(b)
+    assert expand_mul(soln) == x
+    a00, a01, a11, b0, b1 = symbols('a00, a01, a11, b0, b1')
+    A = Matrix(((a00, a01), (a01, a11)))
+    b = Matrix((b0, b1))
+    x = A.cholesky_solve(b)
+    assert simplify(A*x) == b
+
+
+def test_LDLsolve():
+    A = Matrix([[2, 3, 5],
+                [3, 6, 2],
+                [8, 3, 6]])
+    x = Matrix(3, 1, [3, 7, 5])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.LDLsolve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+
+    A = Matrix([[0, -1, 2],
+                [5, 10, 7],
+                [8,  3, 4]])
+    x = Matrix(3, 1, [-1, 2, 5])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.LDLsolve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+
+    A = Matrix(((9, 3*I), (-3*I, 5)))
+    x = Matrix((-2, 1))
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.LDLsolve(b)
+    assert expand_mul(soln) == x
+
+    A = Matrix(((9*I, 3), (-3 + I, 5)))
+    x = Matrix((2 + 3*I, -1))
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.LDLsolve(b)
+    assert expand_mul(soln) == x
+
+    A = Matrix(((9, 3), (3, 9)))
+    x = Matrix((1, 1))
+    b = A * x
+    soln = A.LDLsolve(b)
+    assert expand_mul(soln) == x
+
+    A = Matrix([[-5, -3, -4], [-3, -7, 7]])
+    x = Matrix([[8], [7], [-2]])
+    b = A * x
+    raises(NotImplementedError, lambda: A.LDLsolve(b))
+
+
+def test_lower_triangular_solve():
+
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError,
+        lambda: Matrix([1, 0]).lower_triangular_solve(Matrix([0, 1])))
+    raises(ShapeError,
+        lambda: Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]]).lower_triangular_solve(Matrix([1])))
+    raises(ValueError,
+        lambda: Matrix([[2, 1], [1, 2]]).lower_triangular_solve(
+            Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]])))
+
+    A = Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
+    B = Matrix([[x, y], [y, x]])
+    C = Matrix([[4, 8], [2, 9]])
+
+    assert A.lower_triangular_solve(B) == B
+    assert A.lower_triangular_solve(C) == C
+
+
+def test_upper_triangular_solve():
+
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError,
+        lambda: Matrix([1, 0]).upper_triangular_solve(Matrix([0, 1])))
+    raises(ShapeError,
+        lambda: Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]]).upper_triangular_solve(Matrix([1])))
+    raises(TypeError,
+        lambda: Matrix([[2, 1], [1, 2]]).upper_triangular_solve(
+            Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]])))
+
+    A = Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
+    B = Matrix([[x, y], [y, x]])
+    C = Matrix([[2, 4], [3, 8]])
+
+    assert A.upper_triangular_solve(B) == B
+    assert A.upper_triangular_solve(C) == C
+
+
+def test_diagonal_solve():
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: Matrix([1, 1]).diagonal_solve(Matrix([1])))
+    A = Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]])*2
+    B = Matrix([[x, y], [y, x]])
+    assert A.diagonal_solve(B) == B/2
+
+    A = Matrix([[1, 0], [1, 2]])
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: A.diagonal_solve(B))
+
+def test_pinv_solve():
+    # Fully determined system (unique result, identical to other solvers).
+    A = Matrix([[1, 5], [7, 9]])
+    B = Matrix([12, 13])
+    assert A.pinv_solve(B) == A.cholesky_solve(B)
+    assert A.pinv_solve(B) == A.LDLsolve(B)
+    assert A.pinv_solve(B) == Matrix([sympify('-43/26'), sympify('71/26')])
+    assert A * A.pinv() * B == B
+    # Fully determined, with two-dimensional B matrix.
+    B = Matrix([[12, 13, 14], [15, 16, 17]])
+    assert A.pinv_solve(B) == A.cholesky_solve(B)
+    assert A.pinv_solve(B) == A.LDLsolve(B)
+    assert A.pinv_solve(B) == Matrix([[-33, -37, -41], [69, 75, 81]]) / 26
+    assert A * A.pinv() * B == B
+    # Underdetermined system (infinite results).
+    A = Matrix([[1, 0, 1], [0, 1, 1]])
+    B = Matrix([5, 7])
+    solution = A.pinv_solve(B)
+    w = {}
+    for s in solution.atoms(Symbol):
+        # Extract dummy symbols used in the solution.
+        w[s.name] = s
+    assert solution == Matrix([[w['w0_0']/3 + w['w1_0']/3 - w['w2_0']/3 + 1],
+                               [w['w0_0']/3 + w['w1_0']/3 - w['w2_0']/3 + 3],
+                               [-w['w0_0']/3 - w['w1_0']/3 + w['w2_0']/3 + 4]])
+    assert A * A.pinv() * B == B
+    # Overdetermined system (least squares results).
+    A = Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 0], [0, 1]])
+    B = Matrix([3, 2, 1])
+    assert A.pinv_solve(B) == Matrix([3, 1])
+    # Proof the solution is not exact.
+    assert A * A.pinv() * B != B
+
+def test_pinv_rank_deficient():
+    # Test the four properties of the pseudoinverse for various matrices.
+    As = [Matrix([[1, 1, 1], [2, 2, 2]]),
+          Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 0]]),
+          Matrix([[1, 2], [2, 4], [3, 6]])]
+
+    for A in As:
+        A_pinv = A.pinv(method="RD")
+        AAp = A * A_pinv
+        ApA = A_pinv * A
+        assert simplify(AAp * A) == A
+        assert simplify(ApA * A_pinv) == A_pinv
+        assert AAp.H == AAp
+        assert ApA.H == ApA
+
+    for A in As:
+        A_pinv = A.pinv(method="ED")
+        AAp = A * A_pinv
+        ApA = A_pinv * A
+        assert simplify(AAp * A) == A
+        assert simplify(ApA * A_pinv) == A_pinv
+        assert AAp.H == AAp
+        assert ApA.H == ApA
+
+    # Test solving with rank-deficient matrices.
+    A = Matrix([[1, 0], [0, 0]])
+    # Exact, non-unique solution.
+    B = Matrix([3, 0])
+    solution = A.pinv_solve(B)
+    w1 = solution.atoms(Symbol).pop()
+    assert w1.name == 'w1_0'
+    assert solution == Matrix([3, w1])
+    assert A * A.pinv() * B == B
+    # Least squares, non-unique solution.
+    B = Matrix([3, 1])
+    solution = A.pinv_solve(B)
+    w1 = solution.atoms(Symbol).pop()
+    assert w1.name == 'w1_0'
+    assert solution == Matrix([3, w1])
+    assert A * A.pinv() * B != B
+
+def test_gauss_jordan_solve():
+
+    # Square, full rank, unique solution
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 10]])
+    b = Matrix([3, 6, 9])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(b)
+    assert sol == Matrix([[-1], [2], [0]])
+    assert params == Matrix(0, 1, [])
+
+    # Square, full rank, unique solution, B has more columns than rows
+    A = eye(3)
+    B = Matrix([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11, 12]])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(B)
+    assert sol == B
+    assert params == Matrix(0, 4, [])
+
+    # Square, reduced rank, parametrized solution
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
+    b = Matrix([3, 6, 9])
+    sol, params, freevar = A.gauss_jordan_solve(b, freevar=True)
+    w = {}
+    for s in sol.atoms(Symbol):
+        # Extract dummy symbols used in the solution.
+        w[s.name] = s
+    assert sol == Matrix([[w['tau0'] - 1], [-2*w['tau0'] + 2], [w['tau0']]])
+    assert params == Matrix([[w['tau0']]])
+    assert freevar == [2]
+
+    # Square, reduced rank, parametrized solution, B has two columns
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
+    B = Matrix([[3, 4], [6, 8], [9, 12]])
+    sol, params, freevar = A.gauss_jordan_solve(B, freevar=True)
+    w = {}
+    for s in sol.atoms(Symbol):
+        # Extract dummy symbols used in the solution.
+        w[s.name] = s
+    assert sol == Matrix([[w['tau0'] - 1, w['tau1'] - Rational(4, 3)],
+                          [-2*w['tau0'] + 2, -2*w['tau1'] + Rational(8, 3)],
+                          [w['tau0'], w['tau1']],])
+    assert params == Matrix([[w['tau0'], w['tau1']]])
+    assert freevar == [2]
+
+    # Square, reduced rank, parametrized solution
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [2, 4, 6], [3, 6, 9]])
+    b = Matrix([0, 0, 0])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(b)
+    w = {}
+    for s in sol.atoms(Symbol):
+        w[s.name] = s
+    assert sol == Matrix([[-2*w['tau0'] - 3*w['tau1']],
+                         [w['tau0']], [w['tau1']]])
+    assert params == Matrix([[w['tau0']], [w['tau1']]])
+
+    # Square, reduced rank, parametrized solution
+    A = Matrix([[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]])
+    b = Matrix([0, 0, 0])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(b)
+    w = {}
+    for s in sol.atoms(Symbol):
+        w[s.name] = s
+    assert sol == Matrix([[w['tau0']], [w['tau1']], [w['tau2']]])
+    assert params == Matrix([[w['tau0']], [w['tau1']], [w['tau2']]])
+
+    # Square, reduced rank, no solution
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2, 3], [2, 4, 6], [3, 6, 9]])
+    b = Matrix([0, 0, 1])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: A.gauss_jordan_solve(b))
+
+    # Rectangular, tall, full rank, unique solution
+    A = Matrix([[1, 5, 3], [2, 1, 6], [1, 7, 9], [1, 4, 3]])
+    b = Matrix([0, 0, 1, 0])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(b)
+    assert sol == Matrix([[Rational(-1, 2)], [0], [Rational(1, 6)]])
+    assert params == Matrix(0, 1, [])
+
+    # Rectangular, tall, full rank, unique solution, B has less columns than rows
+    A = Matrix([[1, 5, 3], [2, 1, 6], [1, 7, 9], [1, 4, 3]])
+    B = Matrix([[0,0], [0, 0], [1, 2], [0, 0]])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(B)
+    assert sol == Matrix([[Rational(-1, 2), Rational(-2, 2)], [0, 0], [Rational(1, 6), Rational(2, 6)]])
+    assert params == Matrix(0, 2, [])
+
+    # Rectangular, tall, full rank, no solution
+    A = Matrix([[1, 5, 3], [2, 1, 6], [1, 7, 9], [1, 4, 3]])
+    b = Matrix([0, 0, 0, 1])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: A.gauss_jordan_solve(b))
+
+    # Rectangular, tall, full rank, no solution, B has two columns (2nd has no solution)
+    A = Matrix([[1, 5, 3], [2, 1, 6], [1, 7, 9], [1, 4, 3]])
+    B = Matrix([[0,0], [0, 0], [1, 0], [0, 1]])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: A.gauss_jordan_solve(B))
+
+    # Rectangular, tall, full rank, no solution, B has two columns (1st has no solution)
+    A = Matrix([[1, 5, 3], [2, 1, 6], [1, 7, 9], [1, 4, 3]])
+    B = Matrix([[0,0], [0, 0], [0, 1], [1, 0]])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: A.gauss_jordan_solve(B))
+
+    # Rectangular, tall, reduced rank, parametrized solution
+    A = Matrix([[1, 5, 3], [2, 10, 6], [3, 15, 9], [1, 4, 3]])
+    b = Matrix([0, 0, 0, 1])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(b)
+    w = {}
+    for s in sol.atoms(Symbol):
+        w[s.name] = s
+    assert sol == Matrix([[-3*w['tau0'] + 5], [-1], [w['tau0']]])
+    assert params == Matrix([[w['tau0']]])
+
+    # Rectangular, tall, reduced rank, no solution
+    A = Matrix([[1, 5, 3], [2, 10, 6], [3, 15, 9], [1, 4, 3]])
+    b = Matrix([0, 0, 1, 1])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: A.gauss_jordan_solve(b))
+
+    # Rectangular, wide, full rank, parametrized solution
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 1, 12]])
+    b = Matrix([1, 1, 1])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(b)
+    w = {}
+    for s in sol.atoms(Symbol):
+        w[s.name] = s
+    assert sol == Matrix([[2*w['tau0'] - 1], [-3*w['tau0'] + 1], [0],
+                         [w['tau0']]])
+    assert params == Matrix([[w['tau0']]])
+
+    # Rectangular, wide, reduced rank, parametrized solution
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [2, 4, 6, 8]])
+    b = Matrix([0, 1, 0])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(b)
+    w = {}
+    for s in sol.atoms(Symbol):
+        w[s.name] = s
+    assert sol == Matrix([[w['tau0'] + 2*w['tau1'] + S.Half],
+                         [-2*w['tau0'] - 3*w['tau1'] - Rational(1, 4)],
+                         [w['tau0']], [w['tau1']]])
+    assert params == Matrix([[w['tau0']], [w['tau1']]])
+    # watch out for clashing symbols
+    x0, x1, x2, _x0 = symbols('_tau0 _tau1 _tau2 tau1')
+    M = Matrix([[0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1, 0, _x0]])
+    A = M[:, :-1]
+    b = M[:, -1:]
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(b)
+    assert params == Matrix(3, 1, [x0, x1, x2])
+    assert sol == Matrix(5, 1, [x0, 0, x1, _x0, x2])
+
+    # Rectangular, wide, reduced rank, no solution
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8], [2, 4, 6, 8]])
+    b = Matrix([1, 1, 1])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: A.gauss_jordan_solve(b))
+
+    # Test for immutable matrix
+    A = ImmutableMatrix([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
+    B = ImmutableMatrix([1, 2])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(B)
+    assert sol == ImmutableMatrix([1, 2])
+    assert params == ImmutableMatrix(0, 1, [])
+    assert sol.__class__ == ImmutableDenseMatrix
+    assert params.__class__ == ImmutableDenseMatrix
+
+    # Test placement of free variables
+    A = Matrix([[1, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 1]])
+    b = Matrix([1, 1])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(b)
+    w = {}
+    for s in sol.atoms(Symbol):
+        w[s.name] = s
+    assert sol == Matrix([[1], [w['tau0']], [w['tau1']], [1]])
+    assert params == Matrix([[w['tau0']], [w['tau1']]])
+
+
+def test_linsolve_underdetermined_AND_gauss_jordan_solve():
+    #Test placement of free variables as per issue 19815
+    A = Matrix([[1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+                [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+                [0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+                [0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+                [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+                [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0],
+                [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0],
+                [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1]])
+    B  = Matrix([1, 2, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2])
+    sol, params = A.gauss_jordan_solve(B)
+    w = {}
+    for s in sol.atoms(Symbol):
+        w[s.name] = s
+    assert params == Matrix([[w['tau0']], [w['tau1']], [w['tau2']],
+                             [w['tau3']], [w['tau4']], [w['tau5']]])
+    assert sol == Matrix([[1 - 1*w['tau2']],
+                          [w['tau2']],
+                          [1 - 1*w['tau0'] + w['tau1']],
+                          [w['tau0']],
+                          [w['tau3'] + w['tau4']],
+                          [-1*w['tau3'] - 1*w['tau4'] - 1*w['tau1']],
+                          [1 - 1*w['tau2']],
+                          [w['tau1']],
+                          [w['tau2']],
+                          [w['tau3']],
+                          [w['tau4']],
+                          [1 - 1*w['tau5']],
+                          [w['tau5']],
+                          [1]])
+
+    from sympy.abc import j,f
+    # https://github.com/sympy/sympy/issues/20046
+    A = Matrix([
+    [1,  1, 1,  1, 1,  1, 1,  1,  1],
+    [0, -1, 0, -1, 0, -1, 0, -1, -j],
+    [0,  0, 0,  0, 1,  1, 1,  1,  f]
+    ])
+
+    sol_1=Matrix(list(linsolve(A))[0])
+
+    tau0, tau1, tau2, tau3, tau4 = symbols('tau:5')
+
+    assert sol_1 == Matrix([[-f - j - tau0 + tau2 + tau4 + 1],
+                          [j - tau1 - tau2 - tau4],
+                          [tau0],
+                          [tau1],
+                          [f - tau2 - tau3 - tau4],
+                          [tau2],
+                          [tau3],
+                          [tau4]])
+
+    # https://github.com/sympy/sympy/issues/19815
+    sol_2 = A[:, : -1 ] * sol_1 - A[:, -1 ]
+    assert sol_2 == Matrix([[0], [0], [0]])
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("det_method", ["bird", "laplace"])
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("M, rhs", [
+    (Matrix([[2, 3, 5], [3, 6, 2], [8, 3, 6]]), Matrix(3, 1, [3, 7, 5])),
+    (Matrix([[2, 3, 5], [3, 6, 2], [8, 3, 6]]),
+     Matrix([[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]])),
+    (Matrix(2, 2, symbols("a:4")), Matrix(2, 1, symbols("b:2"))),
+])
+def test_cramer_solve(det_method, M, rhs):
+    assert simplify(M.cramer_solve(rhs, det_method=det_method) - M.LUsolve(rhs)
+                    ) == Matrix.zeros(M.rows, rhs.cols)
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("det_method, error", [
+    ("bird", DMShapeError), (_det_laplace, NonSquareMatrixError)])
+def test_cramer_solve_errors(det_method, error):
+    # Non-square matrix
+    A = Matrix([[0, -1, 2], [5, 10, 7]])
+    b = Matrix([-2, 15])
+    raises(error, lambda: A.cramer_solve(b, det_method=det_method))
+
+
+def test_solve():
+    A = Matrix([[1,2], [2,4]])
+    b = Matrix([[3], [4]])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: A.solve(b)) #no solution
+    b = Matrix([[ 4], [8]])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: A.solve(b)) #infinite solution

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_sparse.py

@@ -0,0 +1,745 @@
+from sympy.core.numbers import (Float, I, Rational)
+from sympy.core.singleton import S
+from sympy.core.symbol import (Symbol, symbols)
+from sympy.functions.elementary.complexes import Abs
+from sympy.polys.polytools import PurePoly
+from sympy.matrices import \
+    Matrix, MutableSparseMatrix, ImmutableSparseMatrix, SparseMatrix, eye, \
+    ones, zeros, ShapeError, NonSquareMatrixError
+from sympy.testing.pytest import raises
+
+
+def test_sparse_creation():
+    a = SparseMatrix(2, 2, {(0, 0): [[1, 2], [3, 4]]})
+    assert a == SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])
+    a = SparseMatrix(2, 2, {(0, 0): [[1, 2]]})
+    assert a == SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [0, 0]])
+    a = SparseMatrix(2, 2, {(0, 0): [1, 2]})
+    assert a == SparseMatrix([[1, 0], [2, 0]])
+
+
+def test_sparse_matrix():
+    def sparse_eye(n):
+        return SparseMatrix.eye(n)
+
+    def sparse_zeros(n):
+        return SparseMatrix.zeros(n)
+
+    # creation args
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: SparseMatrix(1, 2))
+
+    a = SparseMatrix((
+        (1, 0),
+        (0, 1)
+    ))
+    assert SparseMatrix(a) == a
+
+    from sympy.matrices import MutableDenseMatrix
+    a = MutableSparseMatrix([])
+    b = MutableDenseMatrix([1, 2])
+    assert a.row_join(b) == b
+    assert a.col_join(b) == b
+    assert type(a.row_join(b)) == type(a)
+    assert type(a.col_join(b)) == type(a)
+
+    # make sure 0 x n matrices get stacked correctly
+    sparse_matrices = [SparseMatrix.zeros(0, n) for n in range(4)]
+    assert SparseMatrix.hstack(*sparse_matrices) == Matrix(0, 6, [])
+    sparse_matrices = [SparseMatrix.zeros(n, 0) for n in range(4)]
+    assert SparseMatrix.vstack(*sparse_matrices) == Matrix(6, 0, [])
+
+    # test element assignment
+    a = SparseMatrix((
+        (1, 0),
+        (0, 1)
+    ))
+
+    a[3] = 4
+    assert a[1, 1] == 4
+    a[3] = 1
+
+    a[0, 0] = 2
+    assert a == SparseMatrix((
+        (2, 0),
+        (0, 1)
+    ))
+    a[1, 0] = 5
+    assert a == SparseMatrix((
+        (2, 0),
+        (5, 1)
+    ))
+    a[1, 1] = 0
+    assert a == SparseMatrix((
+        (2, 0),
+        (5, 0)
+    ))
+    assert a.todok() == {(0, 0): 2, (1, 0): 5}
+
+    # test_multiplication
+    a = SparseMatrix((
+        (1, 2),
+        (3, 1),
+        (0, 6),
+    ))
+
+    b = SparseMatrix((
+        (1, 2),
+        (3, 0),
+    ))
+
+    c = a*b
+    assert c[0, 0] == 7
+    assert c[0, 1] == 2
+    assert c[1, 0] == 6
+    assert c[1, 1] == 6
+    assert c[2, 0] == 18
+    assert c[2, 1] == 0
+
+    try:
+        eval('c = a @ b')
+    except SyntaxError:
+        pass
+    else:
+        assert c[0, 0] == 7
+        assert c[0, 1] == 2
+        assert c[1, 0] == 6
+        assert c[1, 1] == 6
+        assert c[2, 0] == 18
+        assert c[2, 1] == 0
+
+    x = Symbol("x")
+
+    c = b * Symbol("x")
+    assert isinstance(c, SparseMatrix)
+    assert c[0, 0] == x
+    assert c[0, 1] == 2*x
+    assert c[1, 0] == 3*x
+    assert c[1, 1] == 0
+
+    c = 5 * b
+    assert isinstance(c, SparseMatrix)
+    assert c[0, 0] == 5
+    assert c[0, 1] == 2*5
+    assert c[1, 0] == 3*5
+    assert c[1, 1] == 0
+
+    #test_power
+    A = SparseMatrix([[2, 3], [4, 5]])
+    assert (A**5)[:] == [6140, 8097, 10796, 14237]
+    A = SparseMatrix([[2, 1, 3], [4, 2, 4], [6, 12, 1]])
+    assert (A**3)[:] == [290, 262, 251, 448, 440, 368, 702, 954, 433]
+
+    # test_creation
+    x = Symbol("x")
+    a = SparseMatrix([[x, 0], [0, 0]])
+    m = a
+    assert m.cols == m.rows
+    assert m.cols == 2
+    assert m[:] == [x, 0, 0, 0]
+    b = SparseMatrix(2, 2, [x, 0, 0, 0])
+    m = b
+    assert m.cols == m.rows
+    assert m.cols == 2
+    assert m[:] == [x, 0, 0, 0]
+
+    assert a == b
+    S = sparse_eye(3)
+    S.row_del(1)
+    assert S == SparseMatrix([
+                             [1, 0, 0],
+    [0, 0, 1]])
+    S = sparse_eye(3)
+    S.col_del(1)
+    assert S == SparseMatrix([
+                             [1, 0],
+    [0, 0],
+    [0, 1]])
+    S = SparseMatrix.eye(3)
+    S[2, 1] = 2
+    S.col_swap(1, 0)
+    assert S == SparseMatrix([
+        [0, 1, 0],
+        [1, 0, 0],
+        [2, 0, 1]])
+    S.row_swap(0, 1)
+    assert S == SparseMatrix([
+        [1, 0, 0],
+        [0, 1, 0],
+        [2, 0, 1]])
+
+    a = SparseMatrix(1, 2, [1, 2])
+    b = a.copy()
+    c = a.copy()
+    assert a[0] == 1
+    a.row_del(0)
+    assert a == SparseMatrix(0, 2, [])
+    b.col_del(1)
+    assert b == SparseMatrix(1, 1, [1])
+
+    assert SparseMatrix([[1, 2, 3], [1, 2], [1]]) == Matrix([
+        [1, 2, 3],
+        [1, 2, 0],
+        [1, 0, 0]])
+    assert SparseMatrix(4, 4, {(1, 1): sparse_eye(2)}) == Matrix([
+        [0, 0, 0, 0],
+        [0, 1, 0, 0],
+        [0, 0, 1, 0],
+        [0, 0, 0, 0]])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix(1, 1, {(1, 1): 1}))
+    assert SparseMatrix(1, 2, [1, 2]).tolist() == [[1, 2]]
+    assert SparseMatrix(2, 2, [1, [2, 3]]).tolist() == [[1, 0], [2, 3]]
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix(2, 2, [1]))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix(1, 1, [[1, 2]]))
+    assert SparseMatrix([.1]).has(Float)
+    # autosizing
+    assert SparseMatrix(None, {(0, 1): 0}).shape == (0, 0)
+    assert SparseMatrix(None, {(0, 1): 1}).shape == (1, 2)
+    assert SparseMatrix(None, None, {(0, 1): 1}).shape == (1, 2)
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix(None, 1, [[1, 2]]))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix(1, None, [[1, 2]]))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix(3, 3, {(0, 0): ones(2), (1, 1): 2}))
+
+    # test_determinant
+    x, y = Symbol('x'), Symbol('y')
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(1, 1, [0]).det() == 0
+
+    assert SparseMatrix([[1]]).det() == 1
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(((-3, 2), (8, -5))).det() == -1
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(((x, 1), (y, 2*y))).det() == 2*x*y - y
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(( (1, 1, 1),
+                          (1, 2, 3),
+                          (1, 3, 6) )).det() == 1
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(( ( 3, -2,  0, 5),
+                          (-2,  1, -2, 2),
+                          ( 0, -2,  5, 0),
+                          ( 5,  0,  3, 4) )).det() == -289
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(( ( 1,  2,  3,  4),
+                          ( 5,  6,  7,  8),
+                          ( 9, 10, 11, 12),
+                          (13, 14, 15, 16) )).det() == 0
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(( (3, 2, 0, 0, 0),
+                          (0, 3, 2, 0, 0),
+                          (0, 0, 3, 2, 0),
+                          (0, 0, 0, 3, 2),
+                          (2, 0, 0, 0, 3) )).det() == 275
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(( (1, 0,  1,  2, 12),
+                          (2, 0,  1,  1,  4),
+                          (2, 1,  1, -1,  3),
+                          (3, 2, -1,  1,  8),
+                          (1, 1,  1,  0,  6) )).det() == -55
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(( (-5,  2,  3,  4,  5),
+                          ( 1, -4,  3,  4,  5),
+                          ( 1,  2, -3,  4,  5),
+                          ( 1,  2,  3, -2,  5),
+                          ( 1,  2,  3,  4, -1) )).det() == 11664
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(( ( 3,  0,  0, 0),
+                          (-2,  1,  0, 0),
+                          ( 0, -2,  5, 0),
+                          ( 5,  0,  3, 4) )).det() == 60
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(( ( 1,  0,  0,  0),
+                          ( 5,  0,  0,  0),
+                          ( 9, 10, 11, 0),
+                          (13, 14, 15, 16) )).det() == 0
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(( (3, 2, 0, 0, 0),
+                          (0, 3, 2, 0, 0),
+                          (0, 0, 3, 2, 0),
+                          (0, 0, 0, 3, 2),
+                          (0, 0, 0, 0, 3) )).det() == 243
+
+    assert SparseMatrix(( ( 2,  7, -1, 3, 2),
+                          ( 0,  0,  1, 0, 1),
+                          (-2,  0,  7, 0, 2),
+                          (-3, -2,  4, 5, 3),
+                          ( 1,  0,  0, 0, 1) )).det() == 123
+
+    # test_slicing
+    m0 = sparse_eye(4)
+    assert m0[:3, :3] == sparse_eye(3)
+    assert m0[2:4, 0:2] == sparse_zeros(2)
+
+    m1 = SparseMatrix(3, 3, lambda i, j: i + j)
+    assert m1[0, :] == SparseMatrix(1, 3, (0, 1, 2))
+    assert m1[1:3, 1] == SparseMatrix(2, 1, (2, 3))
+
+    m2 = SparseMatrix(
+        [[0, 1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7], [8, 9, 10, 11], [12, 13, 14, 15]])
+    assert m2[:, -1] == SparseMatrix(4, 1, [3, 7, 11, 15])
+    assert m2[-2:, :] == SparseMatrix([[8, 9, 10, 11], [12, 13, 14, 15]])
+
+    assert SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])[[1], [1]] == Matrix([[4]])
+
+    # test_submatrix_assignment
+    m = sparse_zeros(4)
+    m[2:4, 2:4] = sparse_eye(2)
+    assert m == SparseMatrix([(0, 0, 0, 0),
+                              (0, 0, 0, 0),
+                              (0, 0, 1, 0),
+                              (0, 0, 0, 1)])
+    assert len(m.todok()) == 2
+    m[:2, :2] = sparse_eye(2)
+    assert m == sparse_eye(4)
+    m[:, 0] = SparseMatrix(4, 1, (1, 2, 3, 4))
+    assert m == SparseMatrix([(1, 0, 0, 0),
+                              (2, 1, 0, 0),
+                              (3, 0, 1, 0),
+                              (4, 0, 0, 1)])
+    m[:, :] = sparse_zeros(4)
+    assert m == sparse_zeros(4)
+    m[:, :] = ((1, 2, 3, 4), (5, 6, 7, 8), (9, 10, 11, 12), (13, 14, 15, 16))
+    assert m == SparseMatrix((( 1,  2,  3,  4),
+                              ( 5,  6,  7,  8),
+                              ( 9, 10, 11, 12),
+                              (13, 14, 15, 16)))
+    m[:2, 0] = [0, 0]
+    assert m == SparseMatrix((( 0,  2,  3,  4),
+                              ( 0,  6,  7,  8),
+                              ( 9, 10, 11, 12),
+                              (13, 14, 15, 16)))
+
+    # test_reshape
+    m0 = sparse_eye(3)
+    assert m0.reshape(1, 9) == SparseMatrix(1, 9, (1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1))
+    m1 = SparseMatrix(3, 4, lambda i, j: i + j)
+    assert m1.reshape(4, 3) == \
+        SparseMatrix([(0, 1, 2), (3, 1, 2), (3, 4, 2), (3, 4, 5)])
+    assert m1.reshape(2, 6) == \
+        SparseMatrix([(0, 1, 2, 3, 1, 2), (3, 4, 2, 3, 4, 5)])
+
+    # test_applyfunc
+    m0 = sparse_eye(3)
+    assert m0.applyfunc(lambda x: 2*x) == sparse_eye(3)*2
+    assert m0.applyfunc(lambda x: 0 ) == sparse_zeros(3)
+
+    # test__eval_Abs
+    assert abs(SparseMatrix(((x, 1), (y, 2*y)))) == SparseMatrix(((Abs(x), 1), (Abs(y), 2*Abs(y))))
+
+    # test_LUdecomp
+    testmat = SparseMatrix([[ 0, 2, 5, 3],
+                            [ 3, 3, 7, 4],
+                            [ 8, 4, 0, 2],
+                            [-2, 6, 3, 4]])
+    L, U, p = testmat.LUdecomposition()
+    assert L.is_lower
+    assert U.is_upper
+    assert (L*U).permute_rows(p, 'backward') - testmat == sparse_zeros(4)
+
+    testmat = SparseMatrix([[ 6, -2, 7, 4],
+                            [ 0,  3, 6, 7],
+                            [ 1, -2, 7, 4],
+                            [-9,  2, 6, 3]])
+    L, U, p = testmat.LUdecomposition()
+    assert L.is_lower
+    assert U.is_upper
+    assert (L*U).permute_rows(p, 'backward') - testmat == sparse_zeros(4)
+
+    x, y, z = Symbol('x'), Symbol('y'), Symbol('z')
+    M = Matrix(((1, x, 1), (2, y, 0), (y, 0, z)))
+    L, U, p = M.LUdecomposition()
+    assert L.is_lower
+    assert U.is_upper
+    assert (L*U).permute_rows(p, 'backward') - M == sparse_zeros(3)
+
+    # test_LUsolve
+    A = SparseMatrix([[2, 3, 5],
+                      [3, 6, 2],
+                      [8, 3, 6]])
+    x = SparseMatrix(3, 1, [3, 7, 5])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.LUsolve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+    A = SparseMatrix([[0, -1, 2],
+                      [5, 10, 7],
+                      [8,  3, 4]])
+    x = SparseMatrix(3, 1, [-1, 2, 5])
+    b = A*x
+    soln = A.LUsolve(b)
+    assert soln == x
+
+    # test_inverse
+    A = sparse_eye(4)
+    assert A.inv() == sparse_eye(4)
+    assert A.inv(method="CH") == sparse_eye(4)
+    assert A.inv(method="LDL") == sparse_eye(4)
+
+    A = SparseMatrix([[2, 3, 5],
+                      [3, 6, 2],
+                      [7, 2, 6]])
+    Ainv = SparseMatrix(Matrix(A).inv())
+    assert A*Ainv == sparse_eye(3)
+    assert A.inv(method="CH") == Ainv
+    assert A.inv(method="LDL") == Ainv
+
+    A = SparseMatrix([[2, 3, 5],
+                      [3, 6, 2],
+                      [5, 2, 6]])
+    Ainv = SparseMatrix(Matrix(A).inv())
+    assert A*Ainv == sparse_eye(3)
+    assert A.inv(method="CH") == Ainv
+    assert A.inv(method="LDL") == Ainv
+
+    # test_cross
+    v1 = Matrix(1, 3, [1, 2, 3])
+    v2 = Matrix(1, 3, [3, 4, 5])
+    assert v1.cross(v2) == Matrix(1, 3, [-2, 4, -2])
+    assert v1.norm(2)**2 == 14
+
+    # conjugate
+    a = SparseMatrix(((1, 2 + I), (3, 4)))
+    assert a.C == SparseMatrix([
+        [1, 2 - I],
+        [3,     4]
+    ])
+
+    # mul
+    assert a*Matrix(2, 2, [1, 0, 0, 1]) == a
+    assert a + Matrix(2, 2, [1, 1, 1, 1]) == SparseMatrix([
+        [2, 3 + I],
+        [4,     5]
+    ])
+
+    # col join
+    assert a.col_join(sparse_eye(2)) == SparseMatrix([
+        [1, 2 + I],
+        [3,     4],
+        [1,     0],
+        [0,     1]
+    ])
+
+    # row insert
+    assert a.row_insert(2, sparse_eye(2)) == SparseMatrix([
+        [1, 2 + I],
+        [3,     4],
+        [1,     0],
+        [0,     1]
+    ])
+
+    # col insert
+    assert a.col_insert(2, SparseMatrix.zeros(2, 1)) == SparseMatrix([
+        [1, 2 + I, 0],
+        [3,     4, 0],
+    ])
+
+    # symmetric
+    assert not a.is_symmetric(simplify=False)
+
+    # col op
+    M = SparseMatrix.eye(3)*2
+    M[1, 0] = -1
+    M.col_op(1, lambda v, i: v + 2*M[i, 0])
+    assert M == SparseMatrix([
+        [ 2, 4, 0],
+        [-1, 0, 0],
+        [ 0, 0, 2]
+    ])
+
+    # fill
+    M = SparseMatrix.eye(3)
+    M.fill(2)
+    assert M == SparseMatrix([
+        [2, 2, 2],
+        [2, 2, 2],
+        [2, 2, 2],
+    ])
+
+    # test_cofactor
+    assert sparse_eye(3) == sparse_eye(3).cofactor_matrix()
+    test = SparseMatrix([[1, 3, 2], [2, 6, 3], [2, 3, 6]])
+    assert test.cofactor_matrix() == \
+        SparseMatrix([[27, -6, -6], [-12, 2, 3], [-3, 1, 0]])
+    test = SparseMatrix([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]])
+    assert test.cofactor_matrix() == \
+        SparseMatrix([[-3, 6, -3], [6, -12, 6], [-3, 6, -3]])
+
+    # test_jacobian
+    x = Symbol('x')
+    y = Symbol('y')
+    L = SparseMatrix(1, 2, [x**2*y, 2*y**2 + x*y])
+    syms = [x, y]
+    assert L.jacobian(syms) == Matrix([[2*x*y, x**2], [y, 4*y + x]])
+
+    L = SparseMatrix(1, 2, [x, x**2*y**3])
+    assert L.jacobian(syms) == SparseMatrix([[1, 0], [2*x*y**3, x**2*3*y**2]])
+
+    # test_QR
+    A = Matrix([[1, 2], [2, 3]])
+    Q, S = A.QRdecomposition()
+    R = Rational
+    assert Q == Matrix([
+        [  5**R(-1, 2),  (R(2)/5)*(R(1)/5)**R(-1, 2)],
+        [2*5**R(-1, 2), (-R(1)/5)*(R(1)/5)**R(-1, 2)]])
+    assert S == Matrix([
+        [5**R(1, 2),     8*5**R(-1, 2)],
+        [         0, (R(1)/5)**R(1, 2)]])
+    assert Q*S == A
+    assert Q.T * Q == sparse_eye(2)
+
+    R = Rational
+    # test nullspace
+    # first test reduced row-ech form
+
+    M = SparseMatrix([[5, 7, 2, 1],
+               [1, 6, 2, -1]])
+    out, tmp = M.rref()
+    assert out == Matrix([[1, 0, -R(2)/23, R(13)/23],
+                          [0, 1,  R(8)/23, R(-6)/23]])
+
+    M = SparseMatrix([[ 1,  3, 0,  2,  6, 3, 1],
+                      [-2, -6, 0, -2, -8, 3, 1],
+                      [ 3,  9, 0,  0,  6, 6, 2],
+                      [-1, -3, 0,  1,  0, 9, 3]])
+
+    out, tmp = M.rref()
+    assert out == Matrix([[1, 3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0],
+                          [0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0],
+                          [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, R(1)/3],
+                          [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]])
+    # now check the vectors
+    basis = M.nullspace()
+    assert basis[0] == Matrix([-3, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
+    assert basis[1] == Matrix([0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0])
+    assert basis[2] == Matrix([-2, 0, 0, -2, 1, 0, 0])
+    assert basis[3] == Matrix([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, R(-1)/3, 1])
+
+    # test eigen
+    x = Symbol('x')
+    y = Symbol('y')
+    sparse_eye3 = sparse_eye(3)
+    assert sparse_eye3.charpoly(x) == PurePoly((x - 1)**3)
+    assert sparse_eye3.charpoly(y) == PurePoly((y - 1)**3)
+
+    # test values
+    M = Matrix([( 0, 1, -1),
+                ( 1, 1,  0),
+                (-1, 0,  1)])
+    vals = M.eigenvals()
+    assert sorted(vals.keys()) == [-1, 1, 2]
+
+    R = Rational
+    M = Matrix([[1, 0, 0],
+                [0, 1, 0],
+                [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert M.eigenvects() == [(1, 3, [
+        Matrix([1, 0, 0]),
+        Matrix([0, 1, 0]),
+        Matrix([0, 0, 1])])]
+    M = Matrix([[5, 0, 2],
+                [3, 2, 0],
+                [0, 0, 1]])
+    assert M.eigenvects() == [(1, 1, [Matrix([R(-1)/2, R(3)/2, 1])]),
+                              (2, 1, [Matrix([0, 1, 0])]),
+                              (5, 1, [Matrix([1, 1, 0])])]
+
+    assert M.zeros(3, 5) == SparseMatrix(3, 5, {})
+    A =  SparseMatrix(10, 10, {(0, 0): 18, (0, 9): 12, (1, 4): 18, (2, 7): 16, (3, 9): 12, (4, 2): 19, (5, 7): 16, (6, 2): 12, (9, 7): 18})
+    assert A.row_list() == [(0, 0, 18), (0, 9, 12), (1, 4, 18), (2, 7, 16), (3, 9, 12), (4, 2, 19), (5, 7, 16), (6, 2, 12), (9, 7, 18)]
+    assert A.col_list() == [(0, 0, 18), (4, 2, 19), (6, 2, 12), (1, 4, 18), (2, 7, 16), (5, 7, 16), (9, 7, 18), (0, 9, 12), (3, 9, 12)]
+    assert SparseMatrix.eye(2).nnz() == 2
+
+
+def test_scalar_multiply():
+    assert SparseMatrix([[1, 2]]).scalar_multiply(3) == SparseMatrix([[3, 6]])
+
+
+def test_transpose():
+    assert SparseMatrix(((1, 2), (3, 4))).transpose() == \
+        SparseMatrix(((1, 3), (2, 4)))
+
+
+def test_trace():
+    assert SparseMatrix(((1, 2), (3, 4))).trace() == 5
+    assert SparseMatrix(((0, 0), (0, 4))).trace() == 4
+
+
+def test_CL_RL():
+    assert SparseMatrix(((1, 2), (3, 4))).row_list() == \
+        [(0, 0, 1), (0, 1, 2), (1, 0, 3), (1, 1, 4)]
+    assert SparseMatrix(((1, 2), (3, 4))).col_list() == \
+        [(0, 0, 1), (1, 0, 3), (0, 1, 2), (1, 1, 4)]
+
+
+def test_add():
+    assert SparseMatrix(((1, 0), (0, 1))) + SparseMatrix(((0, 1), (1, 0))) == \
+        SparseMatrix(((1, 1), (1, 1)))
+    a = SparseMatrix(100, 100, lambda i, j: int(j != 0 and i % j == 0))
+    b = SparseMatrix(100, 100, lambda i, j: int(i != 0 and j % i == 0))
+    assert (len(a.todok()) + len(b.todok()) - len((a + b).todok()) > 0)
+
+
+def test_errors():
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix(1.4, 2, lambda i, j: 0))
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: SparseMatrix([1, 2, 3], [1, 2]))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])[(1, 2, 3)])
+    raises(IndexError, lambda: SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])[5])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])[1, 2, 3])
+    raises(TypeError,
+        lambda: SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]]).copyin_list([0, 1], set()))
+    raises(
+        IndexError, lambda: SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])[1, 2])
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: SparseMatrix([1, 2, 3]).cross(1))
+    raises(IndexError, lambda: SparseMatrix(1, 2, [1, 2])[3])
+    raises(ShapeError,
+        lambda: SparseMatrix(1, 2, [1, 2]) + SparseMatrix(2, 1, [2, 1]))
+
+
+def test_len():
+    assert not SparseMatrix()
+    assert SparseMatrix() == SparseMatrix([])
+    assert SparseMatrix() == SparseMatrix([[]])
+
+
+def test_sparse_zeros_sparse_eye():
+    assert SparseMatrix.eye(3) == eye(3, cls=SparseMatrix)
+    assert len(SparseMatrix.eye(3).todok()) == 3
+    assert SparseMatrix.zeros(3) == zeros(3, cls=SparseMatrix)
+    assert len(SparseMatrix.zeros(3).todok()) == 0
+
+
+def test_copyin():
+    s = SparseMatrix(3, 3, {})
+    s[1, 0] = 1
+    assert s[:, 0] == SparseMatrix(Matrix([0, 1, 0]))
+    assert s[3] == 1
+    assert s[3: 4] == [1]
+    s[1, 1] = 42
+    assert s[1, 1] == 42
+    assert s[1, 1:] == SparseMatrix([[42, 0]])
+    s[1, 1:] = Matrix([[5, 6]])
+    assert s[1, :] == SparseMatrix([[1, 5, 6]])
+    s[1, 1:] = [[42, 43]]
+    assert s[1, :] == SparseMatrix([[1, 42, 43]])
+    s[0, 0] = 17
+    assert s[:, :1] == SparseMatrix([17, 1, 0])
+    s[0, 0] = [1, 1, 1]
+    assert s[:, 0] == SparseMatrix([1, 1, 1])
+    s[0, 0] = Matrix([1, 1, 1])
+    assert s[:, 0] == SparseMatrix([1, 1, 1])
+    s[0, 0] = SparseMatrix([1, 1, 1])
+    assert s[:, 0] == SparseMatrix([1, 1, 1])
+
+
+def test_sparse_solve():
+    A = SparseMatrix(((25, 15, -5), (15, 18, 0), (-5, 0, 11)))
+    assert A.cholesky() == Matrix([
+        [ 5, 0, 0],
+        [ 3, 3, 0],
+        [-1, 1, 3]])
+    assert A.cholesky() * A.cholesky().T == Matrix([
+        [25, 15, -5],
+        [15, 18, 0],
+        [-5, 0, 11]])
+
+    A = SparseMatrix(((25, 15, -5), (15, 18, 0), (-5, 0, 11)))
+    L, D = A.LDLdecomposition()
+    assert 15*L == Matrix([
+        [15, 0, 0],
+        [ 9, 15, 0],
+        [-3, 5, 15]])
+    assert D == Matrix([
+        [25, 0, 0],
+        [ 0, 9, 0],
+        [ 0, 0, 9]])
+    assert L * D * L.T == A
+
+    A = SparseMatrix(((3, 0, 2), (0, 0, 1), (1, 2, 0)))
+    assert A.inv() * A == SparseMatrix(eye(3))
+
+    A = SparseMatrix([
+        [ 2, -1, 0],
+        [-1, 2, -1],
+        [ 0, 0, 2]])
+    ans = SparseMatrix([
+        [Rational(2, 3), Rational(1, 3), Rational(1, 6)],
+        [Rational(1, 3), Rational(2, 3), Rational(1, 3)],
+        [             0,              0,        S.Half]])
+    assert A.inv(method='CH') == ans
+    assert A.inv(method='LDL') == ans
+    assert A * ans == SparseMatrix(eye(3))
+
+    s = A.solve(A[:, 0], 'LDL')
+    assert A*s == A[:, 0]
+    s = A.solve(A[:, 0], 'CH')
+    assert A*s == A[:, 0]
+    A = A.col_join(A)
+    s = A.solve_least_squares(A[:, 0], 'CH')
+    assert A*s == A[:, 0]
+    s = A.solve_least_squares(A[:, 0], 'LDL')
+    assert A*s == A[:, 0]
+
+
+def test_lower_triangular_solve():
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda:
+        SparseMatrix([[1, 2]]).lower_triangular_solve(Matrix([[1, 2]])))
+    raises(ShapeError, lambda:
+        SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [0, 4]]).lower_triangular_solve(Matrix([1])))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda:
+        SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]]).lower_triangular_solve(Matrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])))
+
+    a, b, c, d = symbols('a:d')
+    u, v, w, x = symbols('u:x')
+
+    A = SparseMatrix([[a, 0], [c, d]])
+    B = MutableSparseMatrix([[u, v], [w, x]])
+    C = ImmutableSparseMatrix([[u, v], [w, x]])
+
+    sol = Matrix([[u/a, v/a], [(w - c*u/a)/d, (x - c*v/a)/d]])
+    assert A.lower_triangular_solve(B) == sol
+    assert A.lower_triangular_solve(C) == sol
+
+
+def test_upper_triangular_solve():
+    raises(NonSquareMatrixError, lambda:
+        SparseMatrix([[1, 2]]).upper_triangular_solve(Matrix([[1, 2]])))
+    raises(ShapeError, lambda:
+        SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [0, 4]]).upper_triangular_solve(Matrix([1])))
+    raises(TypeError, lambda:
+        SparseMatrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]]).upper_triangular_solve(Matrix([[1, 2], [3, 4]])))
+
+    a, b, c, d = symbols('a:d')
+    u, v, w, x = symbols('u:x')
+
+    A = SparseMatrix([[a, b], [0, d]])
+    B = MutableSparseMatrix([[u, v], [w, x]])
+    C = ImmutableSparseMatrix([[u, v], [w, x]])
+
+    sol = Matrix([[(u - b*w/d)/a, (v - b*x/d)/a], [w/d, x/d]])
+    assert A.upper_triangular_solve(B) == sol
+    assert A.upper_triangular_solve(C) == sol
+
+
+def test_diagonal_solve():
+    a, d = symbols('a d')
+    u, v, w, x = symbols('u:x')
+
+    A = SparseMatrix([[a, 0], [0, d]])
+    B = MutableSparseMatrix([[u, v], [w, x]])
+    C = ImmutableSparseMatrix([[u, v], [w, x]])
+
+    sol = Matrix([[u/a, v/a], [w/d, x/d]])
+    assert A.diagonal_solve(B) == sol
+    assert A.diagonal_solve(C) == sol
+
+
+def test_hermitian():
+    x = Symbol('x')
+    a = SparseMatrix([[0, I], [-I, 0]])
+    assert a.is_hermitian
+    a = SparseMatrix([[1, I], [-I, 1]])
+    assert a.is_hermitian
+    a[0, 0] = 2*I
+    assert a.is_hermitian is False
+    a[0, 0] = x
+    assert a.is_hermitian is None
+    a[0, 1] = a[1, 0]*I
+    assert a.is_hermitian is False

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_sparsetools.py

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+from sympy.matrices.sparsetools import _doktocsr, _csrtodok, banded
+from sympy.matrices.dense import (Matrix, eye, ones, zeros)
+from sympy.matrices import SparseMatrix
+from sympy.testing.pytest import raises
+
+
+def test_doktocsr():
+    a = SparseMatrix([[1, 2, 0, 0], [0, 3, 9, 0], [0, 1, 4, 0]])
+    b = SparseMatrix(4, 6, [10, 20, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 30, 0, 40, 0, 0, 0, 0, 50,
+        60, 70, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 80])
+    c = SparseMatrix(4, 4, [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 12, 0, 2, 15, 0, 12, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4])
+    d = SparseMatrix(10, 10, {(1, 1): 12, (3, 5): 7, (7, 8): 12})
+    e = SparseMatrix([[0, 0, 0], [1, 0, 2], [3, 0, 0]])
+    f = SparseMatrix(7, 8, {(2, 3): 5, (4, 5):12})
+    assert _doktocsr(a) == [[1, 2, 3, 9, 1, 4], [0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2],
+        [0, 2, 4, 6], [3, 4]]
+    assert _doktocsr(b) == [[10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80],
+        [0, 1, 1, 3, 2, 3, 4, 5], [0, 2, 4, 7, 8], [4, 6]]
+    assert _doktocsr(c) == [[12, 2, 15, 12, 4], [1, 3, 0, 2, 3],
+        [0, 0, 2, 4, 5], [4, 4]]
+    assert _doktocsr(d) == [[12, 7, 12], [1, 5, 8],
+        [0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3], [10, 10]]
+    assert _doktocsr(e) == [[1, 2, 3], [0, 2, 0], [0, 0, 2, 3], [3, 3]]
+    assert _doktocsr(f) == [[5, 12], [3, 5], [0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2], [7, 8]]
+
+
+def test_csrtodok():
+    h = [[5, 7, 5], [2, 1, 3], [0, 1, 1, 3], [3, 4]]
+    g = [[12, 5, 4], [2, 4, 2], [0, 1, 2, 3], [3, 7]]
+    i = [[1, 3, 12], [0, 2, 4], [0, 2, 3], [2, 5]]
+    j = [[11, 15, 12, 15], [2, 4, 1, 2], [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 8]]
+    k = [[1, 3], [2, 1], [0, 1, 1, 2], [3, 3]]
+    m = _csrtodok(h)
+    assert isinstance(m, SparseMatrix)
+    assert m == SparseMatrix(3, 4,
+        {(0, 2): 5, (2, 1): 7, (2, 3): 5})
+    assert _csrtodok(g) == SparseMatrix(3, 7,
+        {(0, 2): 12, (1, 4): 5, (2, 2): 4})
+    assert _csrtodok(i) == SparseMatrix([[1, 0, 3, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 12]])
+    assert _csrtodok(j) == SparseMatrix(5, 8,
+        {(0, 2): 11, (2, 4): 15, (3, 1): 12, (4, 2): 15})
+    assert _csrtodok(k) == SparseMatrix(3, 3, {(0, 2): 1, (2, 1): 3})
+
+
+def test_banded():
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: banded())
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: banded(1))
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: banded(1, 2))
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: banded(1, 2, 3))
+    raises(TypeError, lambda: banded(1, 2, 3, 4))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: banded({0: (1, 2)}, rows=1))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: banded({0: (1, 2)}, cols=1))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: banded(1, {0: (1, 2)}))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: banded(2, 1, {0: (1, 2)}))
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: banded(1, 2, {0: (1, 2)}))
+
+    assert isinstance(banded(2, 4, {}), SparseMatrix)
+    assert banded(2, 4, {}) == zeros(2, 4)
+    assert banded({0: 0, 1: 0}) == zeros(0)
+    assert banded({0: Matrix([1, 2])}) == Matrix([1, 2])
+    assert banded({1: [1, 2, 3, 0], -1: [4, 5, 6]}) == \
+        banded({1: (1, 2, 3), -1: (4, 5, 6)}) == \
+        Matrix([
+        [0, 1, 0, 0],
+        [4, 0, 2, 0],
+        [0, 5, 0, 3],
+        [0, 0, 6, 0]])
+    assert banded(3, 4, {-1: 1, 0: 2, 1: 3}) == \
+        Matrix([
+        [2, 3, 0, 0],
+        [1, 2, 3, 0],
+        [0, 1, 2, 3]])
+    s = lambda d: (1 + d)**2
+    assert banded(5, {0: s, 2: s}) == \
+        Matrix([
+        [1, 0, 1,  0,  0],
+        [0, 4, 0,  4,  0],
+        [0, 0, 9,  0,  9],
+        [0, 0, 0, 16,  0],
+        [0, 0, 0,  0, 25]])
+    assert banded(2, {0: 1}) == \
+        Matrix([
+        [1, 0],
+        [0, 1]])
+    assert banded(2, 3, {0: 1}) == \
+        Matrix([
+        [1, 0, 0],
+        [0, 1, 0]])
+    vert = Matrix([1, 2, 3])
+    assert banded({0: vert}, cols=3) == \
+        Matrix([
+        [1, 0, 0],
+        [2, 1, 0],
+        [3, 2, 1],
+        [0, 3, 2],
+        [0, 0, 3]])
+    assert banded(4, {0: ones(2)}) == \
+        Matrix([
+        [1, 1, 0, 0],
+        [1, 1, 0, 0],
+        [0, 0, 1, 1],
+        [0, 0, 1, 1]])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: banded({0: 2, 1: ones(2)}, rows=5))
+    assert banded({0: 2, 2: (ones(2),)*3}) == \
+        Matrix([
+        [2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        [0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        [0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0],
+        [0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0],
+        [0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 1, 1],
+        [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1]])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: banded({0: (2,)*5, 1: (ones(2),)*3}))
+    u2 = Matrix([[1, 1], [0, 1]])
+    assert banded({0: (2,)*5, 1: (u2,)*3}) == \
+        Matrix([
+        [2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        [0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
+        [0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0],
+        [0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0],
+        [0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1],
+        [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]])
+    assert banded({0:(0, ones(2)), 2: 2}) == \
+        Matrix([
+        [0, 0, 2],
+        [0, 1, 1],
+        [0, 1, 1]])
+    raises(ValueError, lambda: banded({0: (0, ones(2)), 1: 2}))
+    assert banded({0: 1}, cols=3) == banded({0: 1}, rows=3) == eye(3)
+    assert banded({1: 1}, rows=3) == Matrix([
+        [0, 1, 0],
+        [0, 0, 1],
+        [0, 0, 0]])

backend_service/venv/lib/python3.13/site-packages/sympy/matrices/tests/test_subspaces.py

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+from sympy.matrices import Matrix
+from sympy.core.numbers import Rational
+from sympy.core.symbol import symbols
+from sympy.solvers import solve
+
+
+def test_columnspace_one():
+    m = Matrix([[ 1,  2,  0,  2,  5],
+                [-2, -5,  1, -1, -8],
+                [ 0, -3,  3,  4,  1],
+                [ 3,  6,  0, -7,  2]])
+
+    basis = m.columnspace()
+    assert basis[0] == Matrix([1, -2, 0, 3])
+    assert basis[1] == Matrix([2, -5, -3, 6])
+    assert basis[2] == Matrix([2, -1, 4, -7])
+
+    assert len(basis) == 3
+    assert Matrix.hstack(m, *basis).columnspace() == basis
+
+
+def test_rowspace():
+    m = Matrix([[ 1,  2,  0,  2,  5],
+                [-2, -5,  1, -1, -8],
+                [ 0, -3,  3,  4,  1],
+                [ 3,  6,  0, -7,  2]])
+
+    basis = m.rowspace()
+    assert basis[0] == Matrix([[1, 2, 0, 2, 5]])
+    assert basis[1] == Matrix([[0, -1, 1, 3, 2]])
+    assert basis[2] == Matrix([[0, 0, 0, 5, 5]])
+
+    assert len(basis) == 3
+
+
+def test_nullspace_one():
+    m = Matrix([[ 1,  2,  0,  2,  5],
+                [-2, -5,  1, -1, -8],
+                [ 0, -3,  3,  4,  1],
+                [ 3,  6,  0, -7,  2]])
+
+    basis = m.nullspace()
+    assert basis[0] == Matrix([-2, 1, 1, 0, 0])
+    assert basis[1] == Matrix([-1, -1, 0, -1, 1])
+    # make sure the null space is really gets zeroed
+    assert all(e.is_zero for e in m*basis[0])
+    assert all(e.is_zero for e in m*basis[1])
+
+def test_nullspace_second():
+    # first test reduced row-ech form
+    R = Rational
+
+    M = Matrix([[5, 7, 2,  1],
+                [1, 6, 2, -1]])
+    out, tmp = M.rref()
+    assert out == Matrix([[1, 0, -R(2)/23, R(13)/23],
+                          [0, 1,  R(8)/23, R(-6)/23]])
+
+    M = Matrix([[-5, -1,  4, -3, -1],
+                [ 1, -1, -1,  1,  0],
+                [-1,  0,  0,  0,  0],
+                [ 4,  1, -4,  3,  1],
+                [-2,  0,  2, -2, -1]])
+    assert M*M.nullspace()[0] == Matrix(5, 1, [0]*5)
+
+    M = Matrix([[ 1,  3, 0,  2,  6, 3, 1],
+                [-2, -6, 0, -2, -8, 3, 1],
+                [ 3,  9, 0,  0,  6, 6, 2],
+                [-1, -3, 0,  1,  0, 9, 3]])
+    out, tmp = M.rref()
+    assert out == Matrix([[1, 3, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0],
+                          [0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 0],
+                          [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, R(1)/3],
+                          [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]])
+
+    # now check the vectors
+    basis = M.nullspace()
+    assert basis[0] == Matrix([-3, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])
+    assert basis[1] == Matrix([0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0])
+    assert basis[2] == Matrix([-2, 0, 0, -2, 1, 0, 0])
+    assert basis[3] == Matrix([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, R(-1)/3, 1])
+
+    # issue 4797; just see that we can do it when rows > cols
+    M = Matrix([[1, 2], [2, 4], [3, 6]])
+    assert M.nullspace()
+
+
+def test_columnspace_second():
+    M = Matrix([[ 1,  2,  0,  2,  5],
+                [-2, -5,  1, -1, -8],
+                [ 0, -3,  3,  4,  1],
+                [ 3,  6,  0, -7,  2]])
+
+    # now check the vectors
+    basis = M.columnspace()
+    assert basis[0] == Matrix([1, -2, 0, 3])
+    assert basis[1] == Matrix([2, -5, -3, 6])
+    assert basis[2] == Matrix([2, -1, 4, -7])
+
+    #check by columnspace definition
+    a, b, c, d, e = symbols('a b c d e')
+    X = Matrix([a, b, c, d, e])
+    for i in range(len(basis)):
+        eq=M*X-basis[i]
+        assert len(solve(eq, X)) != 0
+
+    #check if rank-nullity theorem holds
+    assert M.rank() == len(basis)
+    assert len(M.nullspace()) + len(M.columnspace()) == M.cols